THE DUKES FAMILY OF THE SOUTH CAROLINA LOW COUNTRY

Duke(s) Families of the Orangeburgh District, SC
Notes by Lynn Shuler Teague, March 2005
This document is copyright (c) 2005 by Tony Cox. All rights reserved. The copyright must appear on all copies
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Orangeburgh District

Joseph Duke founded the Orangeburg County SC Dukes family, appearing first in the parish records of Rev. Giessendanner in 1750. This was only 15 years after the official settlement of the Township, and 18 years after the first European settler, John Hearn, established himself just below the modern town of Orangeburg. The early settlement of Orangeburgh Township involved the Swiss settlers for whom the township was designated, and a network of Charleston-based traders and businessmen who moved into this frontier area. There were a few Virginians as well, but the majority in Orangeburgh Township and immediately adjacent areas in the earliest years were from the Charleston area.

At the time that Joseph Duke appeared in Orangeburgh parish and land records in 1750, only one Duke family can be identified in South Carolina. The Duke family of the Charleston area was primarily involved in sea trade with Jamaica, but also had ties to inland trading. A separate summary of that family shows that this Duke family evolved from the DuGué family, Huguenot immigrants to Charleston in 1685. Jacques DuGué of Bésance, Berri, France, immigrated with his wife Elizabeth DuPuy, and children Jacques DuGué II, Judith, Marie, Peter, Isaac and Elizabeth.

Joseph Dukes of Orangeburgh was closely associated in Orangeburgh with individuals who had contact with this Duke family, and it is reasonable to infer that he himself was from that family. The most conspicuous such connection is between Joseph Dukes and the Faurés, Peter Fauré and John “Farree.” The Faurés came to South Carolina in 1680 as part of the Petit-Guerard Colony of Huguenot settlers, which included the Fleury de la Plaine family, whose daughter Marianne had married Jacques DuGué II. However, there were many other points of contact as well. This summary reviews the information available regarding the Joseph Dukes family in Orangeburgh.

First Settlers of orangeburgh district

The first settler in Amelia Township and probably the earliest English settler in the Orangeburgh County area was George Sterling. He was probably an Indian trader, and settled on Ox (later Lyons) Creek in 1704. He came to Orangeburgh from St. Thomas and St. Denis Parish. He may have been related to Nathaniel Sterling, who had land on Newtown Creek, James Island that he had purchased from David Davis. Davis’ wife Ann was a witness to the will of Joan Watkins Halliburton Duke, wife of William Duke of Christ Church Parish.

John Hearn was the earliest settler in the Orangeburg township area. He has been described as John Hearn, “hatmaker of James Island.” He was at Orangeburg when the Swiss arrived in 1735, having settled his tract in 1732.^¹ His family land grants were on Newtown Creek, James Island.

Joseph Duke

Joseph Duke founded the Orangeburg County Dukes family. Giesendanner parish records show that he was married to Margaret Eisenhut or Hazelwood by 1750, when his son Thomas was christened. However his first land grant was not obtained until 1757. Research has shown that Thomas was not Joseph’s oldest child, and that Margaret was probably not his first wife.

yDNA studies of Duke males in the United States and England have established that Joseph did not share a direct male line of descent with persons from English Duke families during the past 40,000 years or so. This excludes as his origin the extensive Duc/Duke family of Norman origin in southern England and its offshoots in Barbados and Virginia as well as several other English Duke families.

Joseph’s Friends in Orangeburgh

The one Giessendanner Book of Record entry regarding Joseph Dukes that is not a baptism in his own family involves no known Swiss. In contrast, all of the baptismal sponsors for Joseph’s children were Swiss, with the exception of Peter Fauré. The Swiss baptismal sponsors usually had traceable kinship to his wives Margaret Eisenhut or Barbara Fuster.

[1751] On Thursday September 26^th In Orangb. Church By Banns, Freeman Snellgrove of Amelia Township to Ann Jenkins, widow, being present: Miles Riley, John Fairy, Joseph Duke. ^²

Both Freeman Snellgrove and John Fairy seem to have immigrated to Orangeburgh in about 1735, given their Council petitions for land. Snellgrove and Riley were in the Fort Motte area, Amelia, rather than close to the Dukes or Eisenhut lands near the Edisto River and Orangeburgh Township.

It doesn’t seem likely to be a coincidence that Freeman Snellgrove’s grant was among the first in the Ft. Motte area and was placed for efficiency in trade rather than farming.

At the Snellgrove wedding, Joseph Duke was a long way from his apparent home in 1750 near Cattles Creek, and none of the people listed at the wedding is Swiss (unless John Farree was, which is not likely). None of those listed at the wedding are female; they could all be friends/business associates of Snellgrove's.

Snellgrove's 1736 grant was precisely at the intersection of the old Charleston Road and the road that ran from what became McCord's Ferry to Orangeburg. This is unlikely to be an accident. The other earliest grants continue along the road to the ferry. Snellgrove could have been involved businessmen with an interest in the area (the Hasforts, Mottes, or others).

“John Fairy” of the Snellgrove wedding is probably John Fauré, a relative of Peter Fauré. He married Ann Eisenhut, aunt or sister of Margaret Eisenhut Dukes on 5 Feb 1743 (Giessendanner Book of Record, http://www.xs4all.nl/~sail/orange/a-index.html). The Fauré family in Orangeburg was closely associated with others from Charleston including the Hasfort, Hearn, and Pendarvis families.

Miles Riley, a witness with Joseph at the wedding, married Elizabeth Weekly 22 Sep 1750. Witnesses at the Riley wedding were William Cammel (Campbell), William Cooper, and Caspar Ott. William Cooper had married Sarah, widow of Thomas Hasfort. Thomas Hasfort’s brother Richard Hasfort married Barbara Dietrichs, half sister of Peter Fauré. Joseph Hasfort married Hannah Goring Keys Pendarvis, widow of John Pendarvis. John Hearn was one of the guardians of the Pendarvis children, and Thomas Hasfort and Claudius Fauré were his guardians in 1715.

On Thurday, 31 Dec 1741 Geissendanner baptized William Weekly, legitimate child Thomas Weekly and his wife, with sponsors Freeman Shnellgrove W. Cammel and Mrs. Cammel. Elizabeth was the widow of Thomas Weekly.

An appendix provides more detail on these Charleston families that were early Orangeburgh settlers.

Freeman Snellgrove himself was the son of Henry Snellgrove of Surry County, Virginia, whose will was probated there in 1721.^³ His mother was from the numerous Freeman family of southeastern Virginia.

The first Freeman Snellgrove grant in Amelia Township was adjacent Miles Jackson (S213184 Vol. 0021 Page 00030 Item 01 Date 1736/06/10; S213019, Vol. 0041, Page 00372, Item 00, Date 1738/09/16). He was at modern Fort Motte, but in 1765 his son Henry obtained land on Camp Creek of the Saluda River (S213184. Vol. 0008, Page 000772, Item 02, Date 1765/08/02). This was probably Camping Creek, on the north side of the Saluda. It is one major drainage west of Bear Creek, directly across the Saluda from Snelgrove’s as it is marked on the 1825 Mills Atlas.

Because Freeman Snellgrove was associated with the Duke family of Prince George County, VA, his presence suggests a tie to that family. Research, including yDNA studies, discourages this interpretation. It is apparently more important that the participants in this wedding connect to a network of Charleston-area traders and planters that included the Fauré, Hasfort, Hearn, Pendarvis, Weakley, Campbell, and Barker families (see appendix).

Joseph’s Grants

Joseph received several royal land grants from King George the Second. His first petition to the Council appeared in November 1757, where his name follows those of Mary Fraser and William Morris in a list of grantees.^⁴

The Tylo Branch Grant

On 1 Nov 1757 Joseph Dukes petitioned the South Carolina Council for 200 acres “on the Edistoe River or waters thereof.”^⁵ On 16 Nov 1757 Joseph Dukes was granted “Two Hundred Acres on the North side of the North Fork of Edisto River partly on a Branch called Tylo Branch in Colleton County bounded South Westward part on Vacant Land and part on Land laid out to William Aldridge, South Eastward on Vacant Land, North Eastward part on Vacant Land and part on Land formerly Surveyed for John Farree, North Westward on Vacant Land.^⁶ This property is immediately below land later owned by Henry Felder, and is north of Branchville, SC. The early road that ran from the Branchville area north to Orangeburg crossed, as did “Tylo” or Tyler Branch, a tributary of what is called “Betty Branch” on current USGS quad sheets. Joseph Hasfort held land on the opposite side of Aldridge’s land.^⁷

On 21 & 22 Dec, 1767, L & R, William (his mark) Aldridge (Oldridge), planter, & Agnes (her mark) his wife, to Andrew Fredrick, planter, both of Berkeley County, for 272 pounds currency, 300 acres in Berkeley County on Tylo Creek, a branch of North Edisto River, bounding SouthWest on Joseph Hasfort; NorthEast on Joseph Dukes; … Wit: Henry Fielder [Felder?], Daniel Linder; Before Christopher Rowe, J.P.; Recorded 9 Apr 1772 by George Davidson, Pro. Register.

The Council ordered that Memorials be registered with the Auditors Office to further document grants. Joseph Dukes’ grants were confirmed by a memorial of 2 May 1767. The Tylo Branch property was described as a “Plantation or Tract of 200 acres of Lands in Colleton County bounded SWward part on Vacant Lands and part on Lands laid out to William Aldridge, SE on vacant Land NEward part on Vacant Land and part on Land Surveyed for John Farree and Eward on Vacant Land, granted 19 Sep 1758 to this memorialist . . . “^⁸^{This property appears to be that immediately north of the western
portion of Joseph Dukes’ other parcel, which he retained.}

A 1757 plat for 100 acres granted to William Aldridge describes the land as “bounded SW on land formerly laid out to Joseph Hasfort, NE to Joseph Dukes and vacant lands, and the other sides vacant.”^⁹ This land is referenced in many subsequent grants, memorials, and plats.

An 18 May 1767 memorial by William Aldridge refers to 300 acres situated on the tributary of the North Edisto, Tylo Creek, “bounded to the SWward by Land formerly laid out for Joseph Hasforth to the NEward by Joseph Dukes and on all other sides by vacant Land.” Peter Fauré is listed as acting for the memorialist.^¹⁰

Peter Fauré is listed on the list of individuals receiving grants of town lots in Orangeburgh in 1736 as Peter Fort.^¹¹

A 22 Dec 1767 memorial for Andrew Frederick refers to 500 acres land in Berkeley County on a branch of Edisto river called Tylo Creek bounded to the SW by land formerly laid out for Joseph Hasfort, to the NE by Joseph Dukes and on all other sides by vacant land. This property originally was granted 7 May 1767 to William Aldridge and was sold to Frederick through lease and release.^¹²

The Grant Adjacent George Haig’s Land

A second grant to Joseph Dukes, dated 6 Dec 1758, was for “Three Hundred Acres of land in Berkley County (Surveyed the Twenty fifth March One Thousand Seven Hundred Forty-Eight for John Farree) bounded North westward on George Haigs and Vacant lands.”^¹³ The 300 acre tract had been surveyed for John Farree in 1748 on a plat dated 7 Mar 1748.^¹⁴ No petition to the South Carolina Council in the name of Joseph Dukes has been identified for this land.

The later memorial describes the property as “a Plantation or Tract of three hundred acres of land in Berkley County bounded on NWward by George Haig and vacant Lands and on all other Sides on vacant Land Granted the 8 May 1758 to the memorialist.”^¹⁵ (George Haig was a well-known Indian trader who was captured by the Nottowaga and killed in 1748.^¹⁶)

A deed dated 3 and 4 Oct 1758 from Jethro Mannings and his wife Rosena to Reynolds McDaniel, planter, transferred Berkeley County property that bounded south on Joseph Duke’s land.^¹⁷

Joseph’s grant for 300 acres was subsequently sold. A15 May 1772 memorial by Henry Felder traced the history of property held by him, as follows: “A plantation or tract of land containing 300 acres situate in Berkeley County . . . Originally Granted the 8 day of May 1758 to Joseph Dukes at the [illegible] pro money per 100 acres and by him and Barbara his Wife Sold and Conveyed to Andrew Govan & by him to Ronald McDonald Since deceased.^¹⁸ Andrew Govan lived in the Rowesville area at the St. George or Oak Grove Plantation, eight miles south of the town of Orangeburg.^¹⁹ Oak Grove is immediately north of Rowesville.

A 1771 deed of land from John Fisher as executor of the will of Ronald McDonald to Henry Felder references 300 acres land originally granted to Joseph Dukes and later sold to Andrew Govan, who in turn sold to McDonald.^²⁰

On 7 Sep 1772 Henry Felder’s plat for a 729 acre tract was surveyed. It is described as situated on the waters of the North Fork of the Edisto River, bounded NE and NW of SW on land laid out to Joseph Dukes, to the NE on Henry Felder’s lands, to the SE on George Wilderick’s Land, and Abraham Hisenhood’s lands, all other directions vacant.^²¹

A 23 Nov 1772 memorial by Henry Felder, for 271 acres of his lands, references land in Berkeley County on the north fork of the Edisto bounded NW on Abraham Hiselwoods, SE and SW on George Strathen [Strothers?], SE on Peter Leigh, SE on Paul Johnston, SE on William Aldridge, NE on Michael Dukes and other sides on Felders Land. This survey was certified 5 Sep 1772. The same memorial references 219 acres situated as above bounded NE and NW of SW on Joseph Duke, NE on Henry Felder, SE on George Wilderick and Abraham Hinsenhood [Hazlewood], all other sides vacant. This survey was certified 7 Sep 1772, and both were granted 26 Sep 1772 to Felder.^²²

The Manning Lease

SC Deed Book Y-3, pp. 275-280, 3 & 4 Oct 1758, L&R. Jethro Manning, laborer, & Rosena (her mark) his wife, to Reynolds McDaniel, planter, for 5 shillings [Note: this was the standard amount for a one-year lease, rather than for a permanent sale], 200 a. in Berkley Co. bounding S on JOSEPH DUKE; E on Dorothy Burner; N & W on vacant land. Witnesses: George Ulrich, Capt. John Amacher, John George Unger. Before Lewis Golsan, J.P. on 17 Nov 1770. Recorded 24 Feb 1772 by George Davidson, Pro. Register. Jethro Manning’s will is recorded in the Charleston Will Book 11 (1767-71), p. 56.

Joseph Dukes’ First Wife

We don’t know the identity of Joseph Dukes’ first wife, only that she must have existed. Michael Dukes was the oldest surviving son at the time of Joseph’s death, and inherited the land grant that Joseph had not sold. Under primogeniture, there is no question that he was the oldest. Land inherited through the family of Joseph’s first documented wife, Margaret Eisenhut, went to Thomas Duke, a younger son, suggesting that Michael’s mother was a different individual.

Michael Dukes

Michael Dukes does not appear in the Giessendanner records. His birthdate is sometimes given as 1760, possibly because this was the year in which Giessendanner's records ended, thus accounting for his absence in those records. However, there are gaps in the earlier Giessendanner records, and the 1760 date is inconsistent with other documents. Both census records, which indicate that he was more than 45 years old (and had several children ranging in age from more than 10 to more than 16 years old) in 1800, and land records, which demonstrate that he made land transactions at least as early as 1768, show that this Michael Dukes was more likely to have been born in 1754 or only slightly later.

The size of Joseph Dukes' land grants also argue for an early birthdate for Michael. Joseph received 500 acres in 1757 and 1758, consistent with having a wife and 7 children at the time of the grants, which were surveyed in 1757. The head of household was granted 100 acres; all other members of the household accounted for 50 acres each. Joseph's lands were surveyed in 1757, when he had a wife (Barbara), two sons (Thomas Edmond I and George Alexander), and a daughter (Sarah) documented in the Giessendanner records. Barbara Dukes' will documents her daughters from a previous marriage, presumably raised with the Dukes children and part of the household: Elizabeth, Margaret and Nancy Johnston. The total is therefore one short of that needed to account for Joseph's land grants. Michael is probably the missing child.

On 29 and 30 Aug 1768 there was a "lease and release" transaction between Michael and Barbara Dukes that was recorded only in 1774, the year of her death:^²³

"Lease & release. 29 & 30 Aug 1768, Michael Dukes of St. Georges Parish, Berkley County, SC, planter to Barbary Dukes his mother of same place, gentlewoman, for £50 SC money, 100 acres in Berkley County adj. land of John Faree, land granted to William Aldridge, it being one half or moiety of 200 acres granted to Joseph Dukes the father of said Michael Dukes 3 Sept 1758, recorded in Book SS, page 428 [plat included in deed]. Michael Dukes (LS), Wit.: Ronald M'Donald, William M'Kenzie, George Andally. Proved 25 June 1774 before Christopher Rowe, J.P. in Orangeburgh District by the oath of George Andally. Recorded 10 Oct. 1774."

The lease/release is a reconveyance of the land from Barbara to Michael, not Michael to Barbara. It's a legal fiction to allow her to convey property to which she doesn't have fee simple title. If she were his guardian, it's possible that she could have conveyed to herself, but it's most unlikely. It would be illegal today, and they were extremely touchy about such things in the 18th and 19th Centuries. However, Barbara would have retained her dower, and I think what she's doing is selling him her dower. She doesn't have actual title to the land so she does a lease/release. That doesn't tell us much. Barbara's disability as a female disappeared with the death of her husband -- she became a femme sole.

The transaction establishes that Michael was the heir of Joseph’s land, and therefore the oldest son under primogeniture. It also establishes that Joseph died between 1760 and 1768. Although the transactions were recorded in 1774, the year of Barbara's death, they originated in 1768. Joseph Dukes was dead by that year, since he had no part in these transactions involving land originally granted to him. Some sources indicate that he was alive until about 1800, but no verifiable reference to his owning land or participating in any transaction post-dates the 1774 transaction.

More often Michael would have referred to Barbara as his “mother-in-law” rather than “mother” or “step-mother” but the use of “mother” isn’t out of the question for Michael as the son of a first, otherwise undocumented, marriage.

On 23 Nov 1772, Henry Felder registered a memorial for property bounding that of Michael Dukes:^²⁴

"A plantation or tract of 271 Acres Situate in Berkley County on the waters of the N. fork of Edistoe river bounding NW on Abraham Hiselwoods SE & SW on George Strathen [Strothers] SE on Peter Leighs SE & SW on Paul Johnston SE on William Aldridge and NE on Michael Dukes and all other Sides on said Felders Land.

George Strother was a very active surveyor who worked in Orangeburgh District and in Lower Richland, and in many other areas where grants were being issued.

Paul Johnson's 150 acre tract had been granted in 1767: "I have surveyed and laid out unto Paul Johnson one hundred and fifty acres of vacant land, in St. George's Parish, Berkley County, Bounding S on Joseph Hasfort, W on the Hon. Peter Leigh, and the Hon. Egerton Leigh, E on William Aldridges, N on said Aldridges and vacant land … Certified the fifth day of May 1767. John Mitchell, L.S."

On 10 Feb 1773 a plat was registered for Andrew Frederick, showing a plat in Berkeley County on the NE side of the Pon Pon (Edisto) River, bounded NW on Joseph Hasfort's land and land held by Andrew Frederick, NE on land held by William Farrie (Fairey), and Alexander Syfrets and Michael Dukes, all other sides vacant.^²⁵ This property was southeast of Rowesville.

A Sep 1773 memorial for the same property by Andrew Frederick describes his tract of 300 acres in Berkley County bounded NE by Pon Pon river (Edisto River), SW on Joseph Hasfort and Andrew Frederick, NE on William Faris (Fairey) and Alexander Syfrits and Michael Dukes all the other sides vacant.^²⁶

On 10 Aug 1784 Michael Dukes was granted "a Plantation or Tract of Land, containing Two hundred and fifty Acres Situate in the District of Orangeburgh, Waters of North Edisto on Cat Fish Bay."^²⁷ The plat for this land shows, in addition to Cat Fish Bay, only cypress and pine tree markers.^²⁸ Catfish Bay is the large bay in the V formed by Hwy. 21 north of Branchville and Hwy. 210 toward Bowman. It is just to the east and then to the south of Hunting Road as you follow it northward. Looking to the sides of the Branchville North topographic map, it is the largest bay on the bottom half of the map and is at the intersection of 17'30" & 47'30".

On 27 May 1785 Michael Dukes was granted, in consideration of fourteen shillings, "a Plantation or Tract of Land, containing Thirty Acres Situate in the District of Orangeburgh."^²⁹ The plat for this property shows that it is bounded by Dukes', Felder's, Fairy's, and Frederick's lands.

Michael Dukes appears in the1790 federal census in Orangeburg District, North, with 3 sons under the age of 16 and 4 females, presumably a wife and 3 daughters but possibly 4 daughters. There were also 3 “other free” persons and 11 slaves.

On 19 Jan 1791 Michael Dukes was granted "a plantation or tract of land, containing Sixty-three acres. Surveyed for him the 19th of May 1790. Situate in the District of Orangeburgh on Catfish Bay, Waters of North Edisto bounded South East by Michael Dukes Land North East by Byrd's Land NorthWest by Land laid out." ^³⁰

On 11 Dec 1793 Michael Dukes was given a grant of "a plantation or tract of land, containing Two Hundred & two Acres. Surveyed for him the 10th of Nov 1793. Situate in the District of Orangeburgh on Waters of N Edisto. Bounded NW by Thomas Dukes. SE. & NE. by Lewis Ratcliffe. SE by Michael Dukes. SW by Samuel Ratcliff's.”^³¹ The plat for this property shows the adjacent properties, including both Lewis and Samuel Ratcliff.^³² (In 1772 William Ayler of Dobbs Co NC was security, with Gershom Wiggins, for the estate of John Ratcliff, administered by Joseph Ratcliff (An Account of Letters of Administration Granted for Dobbs County in the Year 1772).)

On 14 Jan 1797 Isaac Griggs, attorney for Michael Dukes, filed suit in the Court of Common Pleas on behalf of Michael Dukes, alleging failure of John Miller of Charleston to pay for Michael’s indigo in 1796. Michael was awarded £20 for the indigo and £24 12s 9p expenses.^³³

In 1800 the federal census shows that Michael Dukes is listed with a household that included 1 male between 11 and 16 years old, two males 17 to 26 years old, and a male more than 45 years old. There was also a female more than 45 years old, presumably his wife, and a daughter 16-26 years old. Neighbors in the census included Metz, Ratcliff, Fairey, Henry Felder, John Zorn, Thomas Edwards, Manning, Harley, and Bird.

The Michael Dukes of later federal censuses is the son of Michael Dukes I, as listed ages demonstrate.

Michael Dukes I Descendants

No family Bible, parish record or will survives to prove the identity of Michael Dukes’ children. Their identities have been inferred from other data.

Isaac Dukes

Isaac Dukes, listed in the 1810 and 1820 censuses, fits in age with the oldest unidentified son of Michael Dukes I. However, he has sometimes been identified as a brother of Thomas Edmond Dukes. He was 26-45 years old in 1810, and 26-45 in 1820, so that his birth year can be narrowed to 1774-1784.

His census listings are peculiar. In 1810 he was alone. In 1820 he was accompanied by a male 18-25, two males under 10, four females 16-25, one female 10-15, and two females under 10. At the same time, Michael II and Thomas (not Thomas Edmund) disappear from census listings. This looks like getting ready to emigrate west.

He may have been named for Isaac Dugues of Charleston, who probably was his grandfather.

Michael Dukes II

The "M" or Michael Dukes of the 1810 census is probably the son of Michael I; his age and that of his wife and children are consistent with this interpretation. Isaac Dukes is also virtually certain to be his son.

The 1810 census shows Michael as 27-45 years of age with a son less than 10 years old, and a daughter also less than 10 years old. His wife is listed as 17-26 years of age.

Michael (II) served in the War of 1812 in Juhan’s Battalion, South Carolina Militia, along with Isaac and Thomas Dukes.^³⁴

In 1820 John Syfrett, with Isaac Dukes, Thomas Dukes, and Michael Dukes, petitioned for pay, saying they served in the Militia at or near the town of Beaufort during the last war [War of 1814], and praying for redress of their grievance. This is clearly the younger Michael Dukes (the older would have been in his 60's at the time of the war), with his brother Isaac and his cousin (or an otherwise unknown brother?) Thomas. The absence of a third son of the older Michael Dukes suggests that this individual was either deceased or had moved elsewhere. Alternatively, the other brother might have been the Thomas mentioned here; the Thomas Dukes descended from Thomas E. Dukes might not have participated in the war.

Michael II is doubtless the "M" Dukes of the 1810 United States Census, listed on page 132, Orangeburgh County, as having one son and one daughter aged 10 or less. He is identified as 27-45 years old and his wife is listed as 17-26 years old. His census neighbors included Thomas and Isaac Dukes, John Bird, John Felder, B. Cummins, John Crum, Thomas Harley, John Fairey, L. Patrick, John Thompson, John Syfrett, William Ratliff, and John Sandal. He was living on Pen Branch, where his father had lived in 1790.

There was an 1839 plat for 1,000 acres "on Br waters of Pen(n) Branch of Edisto River" for Frederick Syfrett. Bounded by land of Mrs. E. Griffith, Jas Grimes, Reich Edwards, Jas Edwards, F Syfrett, Dukes, Michael Dukes, George Summers, Harry Felder, Christopher Metze, John Metze, and John Cannon. The commissioner was Isaac Dantzler, Esq. This was again on Pen Branch, in the Branchville area.

The evidence of the land plats and the census indicate that Michael Dukes, II, lived near the north fork of Pen Branch, north of Branchville.

Thomas Dukes

The 1810 census on page 133 shows a Thomas Dukes age 16-26 living with a male 0-10 years old and two females 16-26 years old. This Thomas Dukes is listed immediately adjacent Peter Frederick Jr. and another son of Peter Frederick Sr., and near Peter Frederick Sr. Peter Frederick Sr. lived at his plantation Cedar Lane, near Shiloh Church and NE of the primary cluster of Dukes family members by several miles. This appears to be a previously unidentified Thomas Dukes. This “other” Thomas Dukes is listed as age 16-26 with 2 females of the same age and a young boy10 years old or younger in his household.

It is unlikely that Thomas Dukes I named two of his sons Thomas, so this young man in the 1810 census must belong to Michael Dukes I. He fits the age of the youngest boy listed in the household of Michael I in the 1790 and 1800 census listings. Also, we know that the sons of Peter Frederick Sr. lived on various parcels of land that had been granted to Andrew Frederick. They were inherited by Peter Frederick Sr. Michael Dukes I owned a parcel of land immediately north of a parcel of Andrew Frederick’s land, west of Buck Branch and northeast of the other Dukes properties (Colonial Plats Vol. 15, p. 211, Memorials vol. 12, p. 417). This location was much closer to Cedar Lane than other Dukes land. This parcel belonging to Michael Dukes I also was close to Alexander Syphrett’s 1772 land grant (SC Col. Plats Vol. 21, p. 244). Alexander Syphrett is listed very close to this new Thomas Dukes in the 1810 census. Thomas Dukes fits in every way to be a son of Michael Dukes I.

Further, the son listed in the 1810 census could easily be Joseph Dukes, often erroneously identified as Joseph Hazelwood Dukes, who was born in January of 1810. That Joseph Dukes has long puzzled researchers, because he was said to be a son of Thomas Dukes, but did not fit with the family of Thomas Edmond Dukes. The Bible of that family survives, and Joseph is not listed there. Further, his birth date conflicts with that of a child who is listed, and he is not represented in census listings for this family.

This may be the Thomas Dukes who participated in the War of 1812 with Michael and Isaac.

Daughters of Michael Dukes

Although the census shows Michael Dukes I with two daughters, no information is available about them. However, it is likely that one was named Elizabeth and married William Tucker, producing sons Joseph Dukes Tucker and William Steedly Tucker. The 1790 census shows Joseph Tucker and John Tucker living very close to Michael Dukes in Orangeburg County.

Joseph Dukes and the Eisenhut Family

Joseph married Margaret Hazelwood, traditionally identified as the daughter of Abraham Hazelwood. Abraham Hazelwood of Orangeburgh District is documented principally through land transactions, although he seldom appears under the name “Hazelwood” in the land transaction documentation.

Margaret Hazelwood and Joseph Dukes probably were married in about 1749, but their wedding could have been earlier. The marriage is not recorded in the Giessendanner records. Joseph Dukes and Margaret Hazelwood had two known children:

[1751] On Sunday June 2d in Orangeburgh Church, Thomas, son of Joseph and Margaret Duke. Born 4^th September last. Susceptr. David Rumph, Ulrich Roth, Sertina, wife of Brand Pendarvis.^³⁵

[1753] On Sunday April 29^th in Orangeburgh Church. Sarah, daughter of Joseph and Margaret Duke; born March 15^th 1753.^³⁶ Susceptr. Peter Fauré and Sarah his wife and Elizabeth, wife of Samuel Suther.

Peter Fauré owned land and presumably lived immediately south of the land of John Hazelwood, uncle of Abraham Hazelwood.

The references above link the Pendarvis and Fauré families with the Dukes. The Pendarvis family in Orangeburgh District consisted of several of the children of Joseph Pendarvis of Charleston, whose guardian was John Hearn or Hyrne and who probably were raised by Joseph Hasfort of Orangeburg District. David Rumph was the husband of Mary Ann Pendarvis. Sertina and Ursula Pendarvis, wife of Brand Pendarvis, are believed to be the same individual, originally Ursula Jennings. Pendarvis family researchers have concluded that Brand lived in what became known as “Jennings Quarter” below what is now Branchville.

Indians had killed Hearn’s father in 1715, and at one time Thomas Hasfort and Claudius Fauré were appointed his guardians.

John Hearn and Joseph Hasfort held land grants adjacent to that of Abraham Hazelwood, south of Rowesville and north of Branchville, SC. Joseph Hasfort actually provided the home of the Pendarvis children. In 1735 Peter Fauré was surveyed land on the Edisto (Pon Pon) River adjacent John “Hysenhood,” uncle of Abraham Hazelwood.^³⁷

John Holmes (associated with the Duke family of Christ Church Parish in various ways, among them a lawsuit against William Duke) and Francis (Francois) Farree (Fauré??) of Christ Church Parish, and by 1743 of Purrysburg, were sued by Joseph Wragg, a Charleston merchant, regarding a debt dating to Sep 1738. Paul Trapier was a witness, and the suit was filed 20 Apr 1741.^³⁸

Abraham Hazelwood

In 1748 Abraham Heizenwood (Heisenhood, Isenhood, etc.) was surveyed 200 acres bounded on the northwest by Joseph Hasfort’s land, and on the southwest by John Hearn’s land.^³⁹ His petition to the Council, read 4 March 1747/48, indicated that his household consisted of himself and his wife, plus two children, none previously granted land. He further explained that he had been a settler in the province for 12-13 years at that time.^⁴⁰ He therefore arrived in South Carolina in about 1735-36. Given his name, it is clear that he was among the German-Swiss settlers in 1735.^⁴¹ He probably lived with his uncle John prior to receiving his own grants. The name Abraham Isenhut or Eisenhut is found in Gais, Appenzell, Switzerland, in records dating to the 1500’s, 1600’s, and 1700’s (LDS IGI). The name “Abraham” appears to be found in every generation of that family. In response to a query to the Swiss Genealogy website:

Hallo Lynn S. Teague (von ? ) - im sechsbändigem Familienbuch von Triesen/FL ist im Band-Seite 2-284 folgender Eintrag: 1976 die Heirat der Rosmarie Eisenhut von Wald, Appenzell (CH) mit Gaston Frommelt (altes Bürgergeschlecht von Triesen). Kein weiterer Eintrag zu Eisenhut in Triesen/FL! Empfehle Ihnen die konkrete Anfrage nach dem Ahnen "Abraham Eisenhut..." zB. an die SGFF-Auskunftsstelle zu richten. Beste Grüsse - Anton Sprenger.

Alfred Dobler of the SGFF (Swiss Genealogical Society) responded to my query as follows:

John Hysenhoeds had a plat surveyed for 200 acres adjacent the land of Peter Fauré on 17 Sep 1736.^⁴² He received a town lot in Orangeburgh at the same time, no. 264. However, the town lot was later certified for Simon Tyse instead.^⁴³ The Charleston County Deed Book LL:344 shows that on 10 May 1751, Abraham Husenhood, laborer, & Mary, his wife, sold to Henry Felder, cordwainer, for 60 pounds the 200 acres originally granted to John Husenhood, “uncle of said Abraham.” Jacob Rumph and Alexander Maxwell were witnesses. Neither Abraham or Mary could write their names; both marked the document with an “x”.

Abraham Eisenhut was, as it developed, in a small Appenzell-St. Gall enclave, with the addition of Hasfort (including Pendarvis), Fauré and Hearn, a group with many connections to one another and to the Dukes family..

Petitions for subsequent grants were made, citing three additional children on 4 Mar 1754^⁴⁴ and an additional four children on 5 Feb 1767.^⁴⁵ These petitions were granted on 21 May 1757 and on 30 0ct 1767.^⁴⁶ The 1767 petition is noteworthy as the first instance in which the spelling “Hazelwood” was used in a document filed by Abraham himself (although the first name is given as “Abram”), more than 30 years after John and his nephew came to South Carolina.

John Farree [Holcomb lists “Farrer” but examination of a microfilm of the original confirms “Farree” or Fairey] petitioned the same day as the first of Abraham’s petitions, also indicating 13 years residence in the province, and requesting 300 acres in Orangeburgh Township. Farree’s grant was approved, but later (1757) was granted not to Farree but years later to Joseph Dukes. John Farree married Ann Yssenhoot.

The Charleston County Deed Book LL: 344 shows that on 10 May 1751, Abraham Husenhood, laborer, & Mary, his wife, sold to Henry Felder, cordwainer, for 60 pounds the 200 acres originally granted to John Husenhood, “uncle of said Abraham.”

A 26 Apr 1754 memorial regarding other land sold to Henry Felder identifies Abraham and Mary Isenhood, along with Jacob and Ann Rumph and Daniel Bohman as ‘all heirs at law to the said Melchior Tatweeler deceased Aug 1771.” ^⁴⁷ The deceased was Melchior Dattwyler. His daughter Anna married Jacob Rumph, daughter Mary married Abraham Isenhood, and daughter Barbara married Jacob Bowman.

A 1757 plat for 100 acres granted to Andrew Frederick indicates that the property was bounded SW by Abraham Heizelwood’s land, and NE by land laid out to Bernard Leibender.^⁴⁸ This property was south of Rowesville and west of the road from Rowesville to Cattle Creek Church.

“South Carolina. A memorial exhibited by Abraham Heisenwood [Hazelwood], to be registered in the office of his Majesty’s Auditor General, pursuant to the Acts of Assembly . . . Of a tract of 300 acres of land, situate lying and being in Berkley County, originally granted by his Majesty King George the Second, on the 26^th day of March 1756 … “

In 1758-59, Abraham Heizenwood also purchased 300 acres of land in Orangeburgh Township from George Restly and wife.^⁵⁰

A 1758 plat indicates that a100 acre tract granted to Michael Kolb was bounded on the NW by lands formerly laid out to Abraham Heizelwood, now the property of Erick Johnson.^⁵¹

A memorial by Henry Felder references 219 acres bounded NE and NW of SW on Joseph Duke, NE on Henry Felder, SE on George Wilderick and Abraham Hinsenhood, all other sides vacant. This survey was certified 7 Sep 1772, and the tract was granted 26 Sep 1772 to Felder.^⁵² The Joseph Dukes land in question is the 200-acre tract that he retained.

Abraham Hazelwood bought 200 acres of land from Silas Canady in a lease and release transaction: “Lease & release. 14 & 15 Feb 1772. Silas Canaday of Colleton County, SC, and Candice his wife to Abraham Hazelwood of same, for £50 of SC money, 200 acres on waters of Edisto granted to said Silas Canaday 15 May 1770. Silas Canaday (LS), Condice Canaday (+) (LS), Wit.: Jno Cuningham, Abraham Hazelwood, Andrew Frederick. Proved by the oath of Andrew Frederick before Christopher Rowe, 3 Aug 1772. Recorded 25 July 1774.” ^⁵³ This is the second instance of the use of the spelling “Hazelwood.”

[1753] On Sunday Febr. 18^th in Orangeburgh Church. Isaac and Jacob, twins, sons of Abraham and Mary Yssenhut; born December. 26^th 1752. Susceptr. for Isaac: Henry and Mary Elizabeth Felder and Hans Balzinger. Susceptr. for Jacob [Yssenhut]; Jacob Rumph, Joseph Duke and Mary, wife of Hans Balzinger.^⁵⁴

The name “Yssenhut” is now often given as “Whisenhunt.” However, it is also given as “Hazelwood.” Abraham Yssenhut and Mary Dattwyler Yssenhut were the same individuals as Abraham and Mary Hazelwood. Jacob Rumph, who served as a sponsor for Jacob with Joseph Duke, was married to Anna Dattwyler, daughter of Melchior Dattwhiler and sister of Mary Dattwyler. Joseph was of course married to Margaret “Hazelwood,” the daughter of Abraham and Mary “Hazelwood.”

Previously, on 14 Nov 1747, Abraham “Yessenhoot” , born 29 Sep 1747, the son of Abraham and Mary Yessenhoot was baptized, with Jacob Rumph, Peter Hugg, and Anna Dattwyler (later to marry Jacob Rumph), sponsors.^⁵⁵

In 1749 “Abra. Ussenhut” was a party to the petition to ordain Rev. Giessendanner in the Church of England.^⁵⁶

On 1 Jul 1750, Giessendanner baptised Johannes, son of Abraham and Mary Issenhut; born May 31^st. Sponsors were Peter Hug, John Inabnet, and Agnes wife of George Giessendanner, Jr.^⁵⁷

On Sunday Dec 15 1754 Giessendanner baptized Maria, daughter of Abraham and Mary Yssenhut, born 3 Oct 1754. Sponsors were Henry and Mary-Elizabeth Felder, and Margaret, wife of Christopher Rowe.^⁵⁸

On Thursday, 7 Apr 1757, Giessendanner baptized John, son of Abraham and Mary Yssenhut, born 1 Mar 1757. Sponsors were Barnard Lebennder, John and Margaret Inabnet.^⁵⁹

Abraham was involved in the establishment of the Frederician Church on Cattles Creek. A summary of the documentation by Harriet Imrey:

Deed Book R-5, 48-53; Lease & Release. 28 & 29 Sept 1778, Jacob Kerner and George Sommers of Berkley County, Orange Parish, SC, planters, to Andrew Frederick, Capt. John Clayton, Sebastian Funties, Joseph Tucker, Nicholaus Zorn, William Clayton, Alexander & Adam Syfrett, Izam Clayton, Abraham & Isaac Hazelwood, Richard Berrie [sic: Ferrie], William Ferrie &c. Elders, Wardens, & Members of the Protestant Congregation of Frederician Church on Cattles Creek of the above mentioned county, parish and state, for £5 SC money, two acres on Cattle's Creek bounding on all sides by land of said Jacob Kerner & George Sumers. Jacob Kerner (LS), Geo: Summers (LS), Wit: Andrew Wirosdick, John Fry, Thomas Cliff. Proved in Orange County SC, by the oath of Andrew Wirosdick 14 Feb 1786 before T. [presumably H.] Felder, J.P. Recorded 1 Mar 1786.

Frederick purchased land from William Aldridge on 21 & 22 Dec 1767 (Deed Book Y-3, pp. 442-446), recorded immediately following the recording by Henry Felder of the 300 acres he'd purchased which had been originally surveyed for Joseph Dukes. Andrew Frederick's purchase was on Tylo Creek of the Edisto, bounding SW on Joseph Hasfort, NE on Joseph Dukes (the 200-acre grant). In 1773, minister Fredericks got a plat adjacent to the land he'd previously purchased. It still bounded on Dukes, but the Dukes in question was the younger generation by then. Church elder Alexander Syfrett also got a plat in 1773, chose the same immediate neighborhood, also bounded on Michal [sic] Dukes. The 1774 Mouzon map shows Hartzog, Clayton, Hasfort and Linder all lined up in a row below Cattell's Creek, on the road right where Mills places the Frederick property in 1820.

Frederick Daser, A.M. V.D.M., Heinrick Himler [love that name!], George Hinckel (by X), Fridrick Knobel (by X), Andreas Fridrick, Tobias Hartzog, Henry Hutto, Christoph Metz, Wm. Road (by X), Peter Frederick, George Miller, Paul Patrick, Jacob Zorn, Philip Carn (by X), David Crum, William Road Ju., James Berry, Michl Drehr (by X), Jo Sommer (by X), H Felder [guess who?], Christian Cramer (by X), Joseph Tucker, Alexander Syfritt (by X), Jacob Ott, Nicholas Zorn, Allard Mayars, Fred Felder, Philip Lambright, John Waymer.

Abraham and Mary were frequently baptismal sponsors for others, as well. On Sunday 28 Oct 1750, Abraham Yssenhut, Samuel Davis, and the wife of Elias Snell were sponsors for the baptism of Isaac, son of Jacob and Barbara Brunzon.^⁶⁰ (Barbara Brunzon was born Barbara Fuster, and later married Joseph Dukes after the death of Margaret “Hazelwood” Dukes. On 27 Jan 1751 Abraham was sponsor for the baptism of Abraham, son of Jonathan and Martha Brunson, along with Isaac Cleaton and Sirrah Hardman.^⁶¹ On 2 Aug 1752 Abraham was sponsor for Jacob, son of Jacob Rumph and Anna Dattwyler Rumph, his sister-in-law, along with Barbara Bowman, his other sister-in-law.^⁶² On 26 Dec 1753, Mary sponsored Mary Margaret, daughter of Hans George and Rosina Russel.^⁶³ On Sunday 1 May 1757 Abraham sponsored Abraham, son of Henry and Mary Elizabeth Felder.^⁶⁴ On 25 Dec 1757 he sponsored John, son of Barnard and Mary Apollonia Lebennder.^⁶⁵ On 25 Jun 1758 Mary sponsored Mary Magdalene, daughter of Jacob and Anna Wannamaker. On 1 Apr 1759 Mary (apparently no prude) sponsored John, son of William Pendarvis and Catharina, wife of Thomas Puckridge.^⁶⁶

This total accounts for only seven of the nine children mentioned by Abraham in testimony to the South Carolina Council in land petitions. In addition, Elizabeth Hazelwood is said to have married George Summers, and could be another child of Abraham and Mary Eisenhut. Also, a Peter Whisenhunt was a loyalist and a member of Col. John Fisher’s Regiment, Orangeburgh Militia, Captain Christian House’s Company, in 1780, and is probably another child of Abraham Eisenhut. John and Jacob “Hazelwood” were also listed in the same unit.^⁶⁷

This leaves unaccounted for Ann Yssenhut. John Fairy was married to Ann Yssenhut on 5 Feb 1743 by Rev. John Giessendanner.^⁶⁸

In 1778/79 Abraham Isenhood appears as one of the 29 Grand Jurors below Orangeburg in “The Jury Lists of South Carolina, 1778-1779, Orangeburg District, Page 66. No member of the Duke or Dukes family is listed as grand juror, although Michael “Duck” appears as a Petit Juror below Orangeburgh in the same lists, page 69.

A John “Hazewood” is listed as having served under Henderson in the same Orangeburgh-based Revolutionary War unit as Thomas Hazelwood.^⁶⁹ He is identified as having signed up for Col. Huger’s 5th Regiment 19 Mar 1776 and having been discharged 30 Nov 1777.

In 1765 William Hazelwood (possibly a son of Abraham) and Susannah had a daughter, Elizabeth, born in St. Phillip’s Parish, Charleston. A Joseph Hazelwood, painter, listed in the 1790 federal census for Charleston, also could be a son of Abraham’s.

An Abraham Hazelwood is recorded as having served in the Revolutionary War;^⁷⁰ this could have been a son of the original Abraham.

In 1820 “Georg Whisehunt” was among those petitioning for payment for militia service near Beaufort during the war of 1812 (General Assembly Petition 1820 No. 87), along with “Isaac Docks”, “Thomas Ducks”, “Micael Ducks”, “Federick Cyfret”, and others. ^⁷¹

Isaac Whisenhunt is found in the federal census of North Carolina in 1860, 1870, and Tennessee in 1910.

Thomas Dukes

Thomas Edmond Dukes (14 Sep 1750 - 1846), married Sarah (1760 - 1840). A Duke family genealogy in the Salley Archives lists Thomas’ wife as “Sara Bruce (decendent of Robert Bruce).” No source is given for this information, or for alternative versions identifying his wife as Sarah Syphreet. Sarah Bruce and Sarah Syphreet could, of course, be the same individual, listed variously by maiden name and that of a previous marriage. However, Syphrett family researchers have been unable to identify any potential parentage for a Sarah Syphrett who might have married Thomas. In contrast, the Bruce family provides definite Dukes family connections at even earlier times, and a higher probability that the family was the source of Sarah, wife of the first Thomas Edmund Dukes.

Thomas Duke, born 4 Sep 1750, died 1836, enlisted in the Third Regiment on 24 July 1776. (P.I.; N.A.853).^⁷² Thomas Dukes told his granchildren of involvement in the fighting with the British in the Orangeburgh town square.^⁷³

However, another reference suggets that his allegiance may not have been undivided; a Thomas Dukes is listed among the privates serving 101 days in Col. Robert Ballingall's Regiment, Colleton County Militia.^⁷⁴ This was a Tory regiment drawn in part from local residents in the area below Orangeburgh Township. Ballingall had obtained 500 acres in Colleton County from John Pendarvis^⁷⁵ and another 1,400 from Joseph Hasfort,^⁷⁶ and so was a large landowner in the area.

Thomas Dukes had a survey made for 100 acres of land that was ultimately not granted. It was described only as situated in Orangeburgh District, Waters of Edisto, and the listed landmarks (gum trees, for example) do not permit isolating the location.

In the 1790 census Thomas Dukes was listed as having in his household 1 male less than 16 years old, 5 females, and 7 slaves in his household. At least 4 of the females are presumed to be daughters, but a name is known for only one. In this census his nearest neighbor was Andrew Govan, who purchased Joseph’s second grant. Govan lived at the Oak Grove Plantation along the Orangeburg-Branchville highway in the Rowesville area, eight miles south of Orangeburg.^⁷⁷ Thomas Edwards and David Crum owned land near that of Abraham Hazelwood, about 2 miles south of Rowesville. Accordingly, we can conclude that Thomas may have lived in that same area, although perhaps not immediately adjacent. He might have been living on lands inherited from Abraham Hazelwood, who had owned very substantial properties just over 2 miles south of Rowesville.

In 1800, Thomas Dukes was listed as more than 45 years old, and was living with a male 10-16 years old, 2 females 10 or younger, and 1 female 10-16 years old.

It has been suggested that Thomas Dukes I is buried on the old Archie (A.L.) Dukes property on the Cattle Creek Road.^⁷⁸

Sarah Dukes

Sponsors at Sarah's baptism were Peter Fauré (also known as Peter Fort), Sarah Fauré, and Elizabeth [Holman], wife of [Rev.] Sam'l Suther.

Sarah Dukes is said to have married Henry Snellgrove, son of Freeman Snellgrove, in about 1772, and moved to Lexington County, although this is unproven. The will of Sarah Snellgrove is dated Mar 14, 1798; she died about the first day of December 1798.^⁷⁹ Some Snellgrove researchers dispute this.

Joseph Dukes and Barbara Fuster

[1755] Baptized in Orangeburgh Church on Sunday August 31^st George Alexander, son of Joseph and Barbara Duke; born June 21^st 1755. Suscept. Christopher Monheim, and Mary Catharina, wife of Henry Mell.^⁸⁰

[1758] On Easter., Monday March 27^th In Orangeb, Church Susannah, Daughter of Joseph & Barbara Duke; born ____ 175 ___. Suret: [blank].^⁸¹

[1760] Rebecca Dukes born 12 Sep 1759, Orangeburgh, South Carolina. 1760 On Sunday Feb. 3 in Orangeburgh Church, Rebeccah, daughter of Joseph and Barbara Dukes, born Sept. 12, 1759. Suret: Henry Felder, Hannah wife of Jonathan Johnson, and Mary wife of Jacob Fund.^⁸²

Orangeburgh District researcher Harriet Imrey has pointed out that Johann Heinrich Möll left Dossenheim, Baden, Germany in 1752 with his wife Maria Catharina Wedel (b. 1711) and three daughters. He arrived in Charlestown as widower Henry Mull, with two daughters, on the ship Cunliffe in Sep 1752. He petitioned for 150 acres of land on 7 Nov 1752 on behalf of himself, daughter Catherina aged 9 and daughter Civetta [sic: Zibilla] aged 3. On 24 Apr 1753, Henry Mell (per Salley) married the widow of Isaac Hutto, Maria Catharina (surname undocumented). He married two Mary Catherines. If anyone is searching for daughter Anna Cathrina (b. ~1743), they needn't be concerned that she was born a decade before her father's Orangeburgh marriage: her mother was Maria Cathrina Wedel, not Maria Cathrina Hutto.

Some Mells, in contrast, were of English descent, from the Beach Hill area in St. Paul’s Parish, Berkeley Co. This other family becomes relevant later. The inventory of the estate of John Mell appears in Berkeley County records for 1737, “as shown by Thomas Mell and Willliam Fuller, Exrs.” The inventory was done by Francis Ladson, Richard Fuller, and Henry Wood (Colonial Inventory Book 1-1, pp. 141-142 in SCMAR Vol. VI, Summer 1978, No. 3, p. 177). A William Mell appears in the St. Paul’s, Beech Hill, tax returns for 1782 (SCMAR Vol. II, Fall 1974, No. 4, p. 171). He was a collector of returns for this parish on the Stono and the east side of “Pon Pon” (Edisto) in 1783 along with Melcher Garner (SCMAR Vol. II, Fall 1974, No.4, p. 176). In the 1785 returns William Mell is listed at Beashill St. Pauls with 19 negroes and 2 wheels (SCMAR Vol. V, Summer 1977, No. 3, p. 166), and again a William Mell with 5 negroes. James and Thomas Mell were also listed in St. Pauls’ records with great frequency.

Christopher Monheim was married in 1752 to Catherine Fry, by Giessendanner. He is believed to have been born in Germany.

On 29 and 30 Aug 1768 there was a “lease and release” transaction between Michael and Barbara Dukes that was recorded in 1774, the year of her death:^⁸³

M-4, 303-308: Lease & release. 29 & 30 Aug 1768, Michael Dukes of St. Georges Parish, Berkeley County, Sc, planter, to Barbary Dukes his mother of same place, gentlewoman, for £50 SC money, 100 acres in Berkley County adj. land of John Faree, land granted to William Aldridge, it being one half or moiety of 200 acres granted to Joseph Dukes the father of said Michael Duke 3 Sept 1758, recorded in Book SS, page 428 [plat included in deed]. Michael Dukes (LS), wit. Ronald M’Donald, William M’Kenzie, George Andally. Proved 25 June 1774 before Christopher Rowe, J.P. in Orangeburgh District by the oath of George Andally. Recorded 10 Oct 1774.

This involved half of the original 200-acre grant to Joseph Dukes, probably the western half since the land of John Felder isn’t mentioned as bounding the property. The absence of Joseph from this transaction, and from Barbara’s will, suggest that he was no longer alive at this time. The document refers to Michael as their son, and thus establishes his parentage. Michael is selling his interest in the property to his “mother.” It is interesting that the deed was proven a few weeks after the date of Barbara’s will.

This record shows that Michael Dukes was the oldest son of Joseph Dukes. He inherited Joseph’s only unsold land grant, and was clearing title with respect to Barbara’s interest as Joseph’s widow. However, since Michael was the oldest Barbara was clearly his step-mother.

The will of Barbara Dukes of Orangeburg District and St. Matthews Parish, has survived, and was recorded in the Charleston District Will Book 1774-1779, p. 179:^⁸⁴

I do desire that the tract of land whereon I now dwell which is a tract of one Hundred Acres with the houses and other Appurtinances thereunto belonging may be sold at Public Sale within nine Months after my Decease, and the Money Arising from the Said Sale to be equally Divided amongst the following persons, Paul Johnston, Jonathon Johnston, Elizabeth Lemons, Rebecca Dukes and Susanna Dukes—Item I do desire that all the Horses and Hoggs belonging to Me may Also be sold at Public Sale, except two Sows the one for Rebecah the other for Susanna Dukes and the Money arising therefrom to be equally divided amongst the forementioned Persons … Item I do give and bequeath to Jonathan Johnston one Iron Pot and one Note of Hand due from William Pendarvis of Sixty Pounds Currency—Item I do given the Bequeath unto my Daughters Rebecah and Susanna Dukes, some Oxnaburgs that I have sent for to Charleston by Mr. Landal to the value of eight Pounds, one Bed, three new blankets, one bed quilt, one Spinning Wheel and all my Cotton Caps and Handkerchiefs—Item I do give and bequeath to the said Paul Johnston all the Debts that remain due to me … Item, I do give and bequeath to my Daughters Margaret Johnstone, Nancy Johnston and Elizabeth Lemons all the remainder of my Wearing Apparel … I do give and Bequeath to Elizabeth Lemons one Straw Bed and the remainder of the blankets — Item I do desire that all the rest of the Goods and Chattles should be sold at Publick sale and the Money arising therefrom to be divided equally amongst Paul Johnston, Jonathon Johnston, Elizabeth Lemons, Rebecah and Susannah Dukes—Item I do constitute and apppoint Paul Johnston to be my Sole Executor to do and Execute this my last Will & Testament. Barbara Dukes.

Barbara signed with an “x.” Witnesses were Josiah Langdale and William Mason (who also signed with an “x”).

Josiah Langdale is listed on page 171 of the Colleton Co, St. Bartholomew’s Parish,1800 census. He appears in the 1810 census of Colleton Co.on page 598, very near Reuben “Duc.” The listing immediately following Reuben Duc appears to be an O’Bryan. They are near William Beech, Lewis O’Bryant (?), Crispan Canady, Rev. W. Fowler, Thomas Robeson, John Logan, Sr. and Jr., Mary Ann Hyrne, Hugh Campbell, Richard Beden, Francis Fishburne, Genl. William Fishburne, Thomas Boone, and John Walter.

An 1846 plat shows J. C. Langdale, along with an O’Bryan, on Island Creek Swamp in Colleton County (Series Number: S213190 Volume:0042 Page: 00280 Item: 00 ); this is also known as Ireland Creek, and runs through Walterboro, to the northeast, towards Canadys.

Some believe that Josiah Langdale was from the Bertie Co NC Langdales. Others trace him to a Quaker of northern origins.

William Mason appears in the 1810 census in Barnwell Co SC near James Way, and was next door to Reuben Futch. In the 1800 census Charles Mason was on page 57 very near James Futch, Jacob B. Futch, and Amos Way. A William Mason had land in Colleton on Ninety-Six Creek in the 1770’s (Series: S213184 Volume - 0013 Page - 00061 Item – 03). His land was near the Edisto River (Series: S213184 Volume - 0018 Page - 00050 Item – 02). William Mason was an executor of Richard Mason (Series: S136002 Box - 114A Item - 0333A ignore – 00).

Barbara’s Identity

Randy Floyd seems to have solved the mystery of Barbara’s identity, as outlined in this message:

He married SARAH HATCHER, daughter of SETH HATCHER and ELIZABETH ALDAY. She died Bef. February 15, 1772.

3. BARBARA FUSTER (JOHN1) died 1774 in Orangeburg Co., SC. She married (1) JACOB BRUNSON January 26, 1737/38. She married (2) ROBERT LAMMONS 1750. She married (3) JOSEPH DUKES 1754, son of THOMAS DUKES and SUSANNAH. He was born Abt. 1728 in St. Phillip's Parish, SC, and died in Orangeburg Co. , SC.

i. HANNAH BRUNSON, b. Bef. 1747; m. JONATHON JOHNSTON, Bef. February 26, 1765.

Most of this can be followed fairly easily in the Giessendanner record, recorded deeds, and will records. Let me know if you need any more information. Of Barbara's children, the only one that I can't positively place is Margaret. She could have nearly as easily have been a Brunson. In the Giessendanner record, when Barbara married Jacob Brunson, he was called Prunsen, but later on he's called Brunson, and it all becomes clear.

Joop Giessendanner is correcting problems in the Salley translations and gives the following for the Brunson-Fuster marriage:

On 26. January have married Jacob Pruncen to Miss Barbara Furster, daughter of Johannes Furster, Tinter (Hans Ulrich Giessendanner, the elder)

Giessendanner reported christening John, son of Leonhard and Sarah Warnedow, on 1 Mar 1747 with grandfather John Fitz and “Mrs. Lammons” present. The christening was at the home of Thomas Fort. In the absence of any other references to Thomas Fort in the Giessendanner records, or in the indexed SCDAH records, it is reasonable to infer that this refers to Thomas Hasfort. However, the Fauré name also appears in some documents as Fort.

A deed confirms Randy Floyd’s reconstruction. Hannah, wife of the Jonathon Johnston mentioned in Barbara Dukes’ will as her daughter, is identified as the grandaughter of Johannes Fuster, and in Charleston Co SC Deed Book K-3:255, 26 Feb 1765, provided a deed of Jonathon Johnson and wife Hannah to Henry Felder for the 300 acres granted 17 Sep 1736 to John (Johannes) Fuster. This was the property immediately north of that of John Eisenhut or Hazelwood.

Samuel Davis, husband of Salome Fuster, may have been from the Davis family of Charleston that included Ann Davis, witness to the will of Joan Watkins Halliburton Duke, widow of William Duke of Christ Church Parish. The estate of a William Davis was ordered appraised by Samuel “Du Berdier” (Dubourdieu), among others, in 1698.^⁸⁵ In 1712 David Davis’s indenture for a grant sale was witnessed by Thomas Barker,^⁸⁶ who later obtained grants adjacent the Weeklys and near Peter Fauré in Amelia.

Description: COCHRAN, JAMES, LAND GRANT FOR 190 ACRES IN COLLETON COUNTY ON TOOBEDO CREEK. TY ON TOOBEDO CREEK.

Description: DAVIS, SAMUEL, MEMORIAL FOR 400 ACRES ON TU BE DUE CREEK, COLLETON COUNTY.

This Davis land was adjacent that of the Ash family, also witnesses for the will of Joan Dukes in Christ Church Parish (Series S111001 Vol. 0007, Page 00537, Item 02, Date 1751/07/18).

John Fuster married Sarah Hatcher, daughter of Seth Hatcher, in 1741.^⁸⁷ After the death of John Fuster, Sarah Hatcher Fuster remarried to John Clayton and was the mother of his many children. By 1749/50, we have the following record:^⁸⁸

Sirrah, daughter of John and Sirrah Clayton; born April 30^th a. c. Susceptr. William Pendarvis, Sirah, wife of William Cooper, and Mary, wife of David Rumph.

In 1735 300 acres were surveyed for John Fuster, adjacent Ulrich Tobler (South Carolian Colonial Plat Book 9, page 454).^⁸⁹ The number of acres indicates that John Fuster was accompanied by five others, each receiving a 50 acre headright. The identity of five: John Fuster, his wife Elizabeth Tobler Fuster, John Fuster, Barbara Fuster, and Salome Fuster, is known.

On Tuesday 19 Nov 1741 “Elizabeth Fusterin, widow” was married to Christian Swartz, in the presence of Kilian Abecklin, John Fuster and 2 children.^⁹⁰ Joop Giessendanner’s translation:

The remaining children on the Fuster side presumably included Barbara Fuster and Salome Fuster.

On 26 Feb 1765 the following was recorded (Charleston County SC Deed Book K-3, page 255):

Jonathon Johnston and Hannah, his wife, of below Orangeburg to Henry Felder of Orangeburg Township for 35 pounds, sold 300 acres granted 17 Sep 1736 to John Fuster and adjoins SE on vacant land, NW on Ulrich Tobler, SW on Pon Pon River, SE on Ulrich Spice & John Hysenhood. Said Hannah, wife of Jonathon Johnston, being the only grandchild of Fuster. Wit. Isham Clayton, John Simmons, William (x) Aldridge. Before Christopher Rowe, J.P. 2 May 1768. Recorded 7 Jul 1768 by Fenwick Bull, Reg.

John Fuster and Ulrich Tobler were listed among those receiving 1736 town lot grants in Orangeburg.^⁹²

In 1736 John Hysenhood (Hazelwood) received a land grant adjacent Peter Fauré and John Fuster (South Carolina Colonial Plat Book 9:494).^⁹³

In 1761 Ulrich Tobler “of New Windsor” sold land adjacent John Fuster that was granted to him in 1736 (South Carolina Colonial Plat Book 20, page 358).^⁹⁴

[1740] (4.) 27 Jany 1738 Married – Jacob Pruncen [Brunson] to Miss Barbara Fusters Lawful daughter of Johannes Fusters.

(45.) On Sunday, October 28^th Isaac, son of Jacob and Barbara Brunzon; born ____. Susceptr. Abraham Yssenhut. Samuel Davis, and ____ wife of Elias Snell.

It is interesting that Abraham, father of Joseph Dukes’ first wife Margaret Hazelwood Dukes, was a sponsor for the baptism of the child of Barbara Fuster Brunson from her first marriage. This was a closely united community.

Barbara, widow of Jacob Brunson, subsequently married Robert Lammon in 1751:^⁹⁷

[1751] (18.) On Tuesday, may 28th. In Ditto. By Ditto. Robert Lammon to Barbara, widow of Jacob Brunzon, deceased, Both living upon Edistoe River. Being present Michael Christopher Rowe, Joseph Griffous, Samuel Davis.

There is no record of the marriage of Joseph Dukes and Barbara, but three of their children were baptised by Rev. Giessendanner and appear in those records.

Other Persons Mentioned in the Will

William Pendarvis, who owned money to Barbara Dukes, was one of the seven children of Joseph Pendarvis and Parthena. These children were raised by Joseph Hasfort, who owned land near that of the Dukes and Hazelwood families.

A William Mason was a Justice of the Peace for Berkeley County in April 1771.^⁹⁸ At another time he was coroner for Berkeley County.^⁹⁹ However, there were apparently others, including the one who owned land in Colleton Co in the 1770’s and one in Barnwell Co.

Paul Johnston was granted land very near the 200 acre Joseph Dukes grant in 1767.^¹⁰⁰ Jonathon Johnston’s wife Hannah was baptismal sponsor for Rebecca in 1759.

Hannah, wife of the Jonathon Johnston mentioned in Barbara Dukes’ will, was the grandaughter of Johannes Fuster, and was identified as his only grandchild in Charleston Co SC Deed Book K-3:255, 26 Feb 1765, deed of Jonathon Johnson and wife Hannah to Henry Felder for the 300 acres granted 17 Sep 1736 to John (Johannes) Fuster. This was the property immediately north of that of John Hazelwood (Eisenhut). John Fuster, son of Johannes Fuster, married Sarah Hatcher, daughter of Seth Hatcher, in 1741 (Salley p. 107). After the death of John Fuster, Sarah Hatcher Fuster remarried to John Clayton (Salley p. 107), and was the mother of his many children.

25 JAN 1785 Plat 200 acres for Paul Johnson situated in the District of Orangeburgh, on Brick Kiln Branch, Waters of North Edisto. Land bounds Joseph Horsford, widow Sapp, and Andrew Fredrick. Surveyed by George Renerson, D.S.

A Jonathon Johnston is referenced in the Lancaster Co SC will of his mother, Rebecca Johnston.^¹⁰¹ She was the wife of William Johnston of Lancaster Co. The will was dated 15 Apr 1788. A Paul Johnston is listed in the 1783 tax returns of South Carolina (SCMAR Vol. II, Falk 1974, No. 4, p. 175.

George Alexander Dukes

George Dukes enlisted in the Third Regiment on 20 July 1777. N.A.853. This is the same regiment as that in which Thomas E. Dukes enlisted. It was commanded by Col. William Thomson. He was among the soldiers of the 3rd South Carolina Regiment stationed at Fort Sullivan and later Fort Moultrie, 20 Jul 1777,^¹⁰² but no later reference to him has been found. George Alexander is not mentioned in the will of his mother Barbara Dukes, and he does not appear in subsequent South Carolina records. A search of the South Carolina Department of Archives and History records showed that no land grants are recorded in his name, and his name is never given as holding property adjacent to others who held land in the area. He does not appear in the federal census of 1790 or later.

Description: MATHEWS, WILLIAM, PLAT FOR 152 ACRES ON BOGGY GULLY, GEORGETOWN DISTRICT, SURVEYED BY JOHN BURGESS.

If this is the Boggy Swamp of Georgetown County, it places this George Dukes near the Trapier and DuBordieu families.

Daughters of Joseph Dukes and Barbara Dukes

Thomas Dukes Descendants

Thomas Edmund Dukes

Joseph Dukes’ grandson, Thomas Edmund Dukes II, married Ann Ayler, who family tradition says was from the Neuse River area of North Carolina. The Ayler family is discussed in an appendix. The earliest recorded Ayler in Virginia owned land adjacent that of Col. Henry Duke.

Thomas Edmond Dukes served in the Revolutionary War, and is listed, with his brother George, among soldiers of the 3rd South Carolina Regiment stationed at Fort Sullivan and later Fort Moultrie.^¹⁰³

Thomas and Anne lived northeast of Branchville, between Penn Branch and the road to Bowman, and are buried there in the old Dukes cemetery.^¹⁰⁴ This has become known as the old Dukes plantation, but it is unclear when the property came into the family.

According to family oral tradition, Thomas met Ann on a visit to her home area on the Neuse River area in North Carolina. It is sometimes said that he was visiting family there. Several Branchville area families closely associated with the Dukes and Syphrett families, the Risher and Byrd families, are from the Neuse River area in Lenoir County, NC, obtaining their earliest grant in the Orangeburgh SC area in 1785 (Risher). However, the earliest known marriage that would have created a family relationship for Thomas with those families is later than his marriage to Ann.

There is interesting evidence that Ann’s father or brother, William “Eyler” moved to the Pen Branch area, where he acquired land near the Syfrett and Dukes families:

Description: SYFRETT, FREDERICK, PLAT FOR 1,000 ACRES ON PEN BRANCH, ORANGEBURGH DISTRICT, SURVEYED BY JOHN N. BARRILON.

Names Indexed: SYFRETT, FREDERICK/BARRILON, JOHN N./CANNON, JOHN/METZE, JOHN/METZE, CHRISTOPHER/FELDER, HENRY/RATCLIFF/SUMMERS, GEORGE/DUKES, MICHAEL/EDWARDS, JOSEPH/EDWARDS, RICHARD/GRIMES, JAMES/GRISSETT, E./EYLER, WILLIAM

Ann survived Thomas E. Dukes II, and is recorded in the 1850 U.S. census at the age of 60 with $1500 real estate, 5 household members, and 7 slaves.

Several of the sons of Thomas Edmund Dukes II later lived near Rowesville. In the 1840 census (John) William (Hazelwood) Dukes was listed near Alexander Syphrett, Frederick Felder, and the Carn family. Alexander Syphrett lived on Cattle Creek, near lands owned by Michael Dukes.

The 1849 Class Book for Sardis Church, Orangeburgh District, Methodist Church, includes Gabriel Dukes and Abraham Dukes, along with James B. Berry; John, George, John W., William J. and Jesse Fairey; Benj. McAlhany; Nathaniel, William, and John E. Byrd; Lewis Griffith; James and Henry Metts; John and David W. I. Patrick; John L. Rhode; William B. Brown; George E. Pooser; Capers Griffith; and Isham Shuler. Sardis is immediately north of Branchville.

On 26 Aug 1865 John William Hazelwood Dukes purchased a lot in Orangeburg from John C. Reeves, and at the same time sold to him “1,200 acres on the road from Orangeburg to Branchville about 13 miles from F. Frederick, estates of Dr. William Frederick and L. E. Cooner. And, 1,000 acres between public road and river and 200 acres eat of road, Part (1,600 acres) of land conveyed to me by Donald R. Barton, deed dated October 8, 1863. Wit: Antonio R. Champy and S. Dibble. Release by Mellie E. H. Dukes, wife of J. William H. Dukes.”^¹⁰⁵ The first of these is certainly within the bounds of Abraham Hazelwood’s grants.

Elizabeth Dukes

John and Frederick Syphrett petitioned for military pay due in 1814, with various Kellers, Felders, etc.¹⁰⁶

In 1818 there was a plat and state grant for 107 acres "in Orangeburgh District on Peter Wood's Branch of N. Edisto River" bounded by Adam Syphrett, Dan'l Syfrett, for Frederick Syphrett. In 1830 Frederick Syphrett was granted land on the south side of Cattle Creek.

There was an 1839 plat for 1,000 acres "on Br waters of Pen Branch of Edisto River" for Frederick Syfett. Bounded by land of Mrs. E. Griffith, Jas Grimes, Reich Edwards, Jas Edwards, F Syfrett, Dukes, Michael Dukes, George Summers, Harry Felder, Christopher Metze, John Metze, John Cannon. Commissioner was Isaac Dantzler, Esq.

In 1850 there was a sale of 790 acres belonging to Frederick Syphrett, originally granted to John Cannon, bounded by Joseph Edwards, Abraham H. Syphrett, Benjamin B. McAlheny, Samuel R. Gressette, and James Grimes, on the north side of the SC Railroad on Felders Bay Waters of the Edisto.

Ann Syphrett who married George Ezekial Dukes is also said to be a daughter of Frederick and Elizabeth Dukes Syphrett, disowned by them for her marriage (see George Ezekial Dukes discussion).

James Dukes of Mississippi

yDNA testing has shown that the descendants of James Dukes of Perry Co MS are closely related to the Orangeburgh Dukes family. They may be descendants of Joseph Duke of Orangeburgh, or they may descend from a close relative of his. The following information was provided by the tested individual.

Probate and Bible records confirm descent of the tested individual from James Dukes, born SC abt 1789. Other probate records confirm descent from John W. Tucker, Sr. bn about 1773 in SC, and died 1/6/1850 in Rankin Co. MS. John Tucker of Mississippi may be (probably is) descended from John Tucker of Cattle Creek Swamp who bought his land from William Davis of St. Phillip's parish. The tested individual is also descended from Daniel Miley of South Carolina. Daniel Miley is descended from Robert Miley, believed descended from Henry Miley of New Windsor, SC.

Harriett L. married a Forrest (name given as Wake Forrest in probate pleading, signed as Mark)

Susannah Atistes (so clearly spelled in census) a/ka Susan L. Hester. Unclear whether Hester is given or married name. "Atistes" is most unusual.

The name "Harriett" may be associated with Moses Dukes of Barnwell, or illegitimate daughter of Samuel Duke of Fairfield. "Susannah" could be associated with Joseph and Barbara Duke(s) of O'burg

John W. Dukes (Probably named for John W. Tucker, maternal grandfather, predeceased James)

Daniel (but may be a grandson or illegitimate. Does not participate in James' estate)

Another Orangeburg family with subsequent association in Mississippi is Patrick, but the first census appearance of Patrick is in 1840 in Rankin, where a young and childless I.R. Patrick appears sandwiched between John Tucker and HH Tucker, and only 4 households away from James and Joseph M. Dukes, while Luke and John Patrick also appear in Rankin in 1840. See, Patrick family forum at genealogy.com., where posts by JANICE, ssweatbox@aol.com lists Elizabeth Dukes born 14 January 1791 as married to John D. Patrick of Orangeburg. If this information is accurate, Elizabeth Patrick could be a sister of James Dukes. An Ls Patrick appears separated by one household from the households of Ic, Ths, and M. Dukes in 1810.

James Dukes appears in Mississippi in the 1820 Federal census for Perry County. Roll M33_57 page 82. Perry County was formed from Greene County. The 1820 Perry County census shows the following information for James Dukes: 2 free white males under 10, 1 free white male 26 to 45, 1 free white female under 10, 1 free white female 26 to 45, no slaves. James Dukes’ stated age indicates a birth date between 1775 and 1790. Census data from the 1850 census indicates an age of 61 as of the census date (1 June 1850) or the date of enumeration (29 Aug 1850).

The immediate neighbors of James Dukes in 1820 Perry County, MS are: Henry Miley, Daniel Miley, and John Tucker. The households of Henry and Daniel Miley are separated by 1 householder whose name is too difficult to read, but appears to be M.Tudeng---d. Henry Miley’s household has 1 male under 10, 1 male btw 10 and 16, 2 males between 26 and 45, 2 females under 10, 1 female between 16 and 26. Daniel Miley’s household contains 1 male between 26 and 45, I female under 10, 1 female 18 to 26.

Harriett M. Lee, in “Miley History and Family Tree, “ Microfilm, Church of Latter Day Saints, Family History Library, US/CAN Film 1697505, Item 2 states that the Mileys and Dukes migrated together to Mississippi from South Carolina and subsequently often intermarried.

A post on the RootsWeb.com, Simpson County, Mississippi message board dated October 3, 2002 by Cherylynne Stephan, estephan@surfsouth.com states:

“Daniel Miley, the son of Robert Miley and unknown, along with James and Frances Dukes and their children, and John Tucker and others moved in 1818 from the Barnwell area of South Carolina to Green Co., MS where James Dukes and John Tucker first appear on the Green Co. [sic-should be Greene Co.] tax roll. By 1828 James and Frances again moved with the Tuckers and Mileys to Rankin Co.,MS. They all settled in and around the old town of Richmond, located on the bluffs of the Pearl River. Their land was in the area of what is today known as the cities of Richland, Florence, north of Byrum. The Mileys settled a short distance further south toward the Simpson/Rankin County line. James and Frances Dukes oldest child, Joseph Madison Dukes and his new wife, Mary Ann Eliza Miley Dukes are listed next door to James and Frances Dukes. Mary Ann Eliza was the daughter of Daniel and Sarah Griffith Miley. She was the granddaughter of Robert Miley of Orangeburg Dist., SC. Her great grandparents were old Henry and Rosanna Miley, also of Orangeburg. During the 1840’s Daniel and Sarah Miley moved their family from Rankin Co., to the White Oak community of Smith Co., MS. Both Daniel and Sarah Miley lived there until their death. Both are buried on their old homestead in the Miley Cemetery, a few miles from White Oak….”

Note that this post also states that the middle name of Daniel Miley was Goodman. The Goodman middle name appears also in several posts on Miley forums sponsored by ancestry.com and genealogy.com. A February 1998 post by Patti Willingham on the genealogy.com Miley forum states:

South Carolina: Searching for proof of parents of HENRY MILEY (B: CA 1740; D: AFT 1800) who in 1759 lived in the Camden Dist., Craven Co., SC. His land was on Bell Branch and Bear Creek, waters of 25 Mile Creek. He and his son, Robert Miley, had moved into the Orangeburg Dist., SC by the 1790 census. Henry appears to have married Jane and then Rosana. In Orangeburg, Henry and Robert Miley lived on Lemon Swamp, between the Little Salkhatchie River and the South Edisto River. This land would later fall into Barnwell Dist., SC. Robert Miley's children were: Henry, Jacob, David, Delilah, Samuel, Robert, Jr., Daniel, Martin, Mary "Polly”, William Goodman, Susannah, James Wilson, and Andrew Barnwell. Of these children, Henry, Daniel and Martin Miley came to Mississippi in ca 1818-1821.

For approximate birth and death date and place of James Dukes, See: gedcoms posted on ancestry.com by Dub Brown and Jeff Arender. See also Dub Brown’s web site at http://www.hal-pc.org. Comparison of the US census information for 1820 (Perry Co.), 1840 (Rankin Co.), and 1850 (Rankin Co) indicate that James Dukes was probably born in 1789. His date of death is given by Arender and Brown as August 1 or August 7, 1852. Almost everything Dub Brown and Jeff Arender have was supplied to them by Robert C. Roberts of Birmingham, Alabama. See also, Rankin County, Mississippi 1850 federal census entry for James Dukes regarding age and place of birth. The death dates indicate that someone has seen James Dukes’ tombstone or other evidence.

For marriage to Frances Mary Tucker see endnote i. See also gedcoms published to ancestry.com and RootsWeb.com by Dub Brown and Jeff Arender.

The daughters of James Dukes, based on the 1850 Rankin Co United States census, are listed for later reference and for naming associations. They were:

I have not located a source for these daughters, and it may be a will. The confusion over “Jane or Tave” indicates a handwritten source.

James Dukes of Orangeburgh County SC

A James Dukes is associated with the Tuckers and Mileys in Orangeburgh SC. Their clear connection with one another appears on Lemons Creek in what is now Bamberg County, but tracing the various families shows that this was a convergence of people with previous Duke family associations.

James Dukes on Lemons Creek

Description: DUKES, JAMES, PLAT FOR 374 ACRES ON EDISTO RIVER, ORANGEBURGH DISTRICT, SURVEYED BY PATRICK CAIN FOR JOSEPH BEE ON JUNE 23, 1775.

Names Indexed: DUKES, JAMES/CAIN, PATRICK/THOMSON, JAMES/FARRAR, BENJAMIN/BLICKENDEN, WILLIAM/BEE, JOSEPH/

William Blitchenden, adjacent to James Dukes' land above, is very important in establishing the location of this grant. His name also appears in the 1790 Orangeburgh South (Barnwell Co) census on p. 509 immediately adjacent Joseph Tucker Sr. and John Tucker Sr. David Steedly (as in William Steedly Tucker) is nearby. Samuel and Robert "Milley" (Miley) are also nearby on p. 511-512. We know that the Tuckers were on Lemons Creek in what is now Bamberg County.

This James Dukes is too early to be the same individual who immigrated to Perry Co MS. However, his association with the Tuckers in this location suggests that he might be the father of that James Dukes of Mississippi.

John Duke on Lemons Creek

There was an earlier attempt by a John Duke to acquire land on Lemons Creek. In 1786 a John Dukes had a plat for 250 acres on Lemons Swamp that he did not follow up on:

Description: OMELVENEY, SAMUEL, PLAT FOR 250 ACRES ON BEAVER DAM BRANCH OF LEMONS SWAMP, ORANGEBURGH DISTRICT, SURVEYED BY JOHN MILHOUS FOR JOHN DUKES ON MARCH 2, 1786.

Names Indexed: OMELVENEY, SAMUEL/MILHOUS, JOHN/DUKES, JOHN/MEDLOCK, ELIZABETH/SANDFORD, JAMES/BUDD, DR./

“Omelveney” may have been something like McElveney. Dr. Budd was probably Dr. John Budd, who appears under that title in SCDAH records.

Unidentified Duke(S)

Elizabeth Dukes, Colleton County

Queries have been received regarding an Elizabeth Dukes b. 14 Jan 1791 and died 12 May 1886, who married John D. Patrick of Orangeburg. She is buried at Boone Hill Cemetery, Summerville, SC.

Reuben Duc

Reuben Duc is listed in the 1810 Colleton Co SC census, page 598. Colleton borders Orangeburg and Barnwell counties.

From the census, Reuben appears to be 45+ (thus born 1765 or earlier), with a male16-25, a female 26-45, and two females 10-16. I have a subscription for Ancestry's on-line scanned census images, so I looked him up in the original. He is practicallynext door to Josiah Langdale, in Colleton Co. Langdale was one of the two witnesses to the will of our Joseph Duke's second wife, Barbara Dukes. According to Langdale family researchers, 1774, the year he witnessed Barbara's will, was the first year he was in SC. He and William Mason, the other witness to her will, suggest that Barbara was in the Colleton area when she made her will.

Reuben Duc is also close in the census listings to Mary Ann Hyrne, William Fishburne, Thomas Robeson, Thomas Boone, Crispan Canady and Lewis O’Brian.

Description: FISHBURNE, WILLIAM TO JAMES SMITH, LEASE AND RELEASE FOR 200 ACRES OF LAND AT BEACH HILL, COLLETON COUNTY.

The name Fishburn appears on the 1825 Mills Atlas of Colleton Co on Scull Creek, which is consistent with information that places Josiah Landale between Walterboro and the Edisto River. This is a considerable distance from other known Duke family members.

Associated Families

Aylor

According to Orangeburg County SC Dukes family tradition, Thomas Duke went to the Neuse River area to visit relatives and met his wife Ann Ayler. The only Ayler family on the Neuse at the right time period was in Dobbs Co. NC. There was a Duke family a few miles away, but evidence suggests that the real connection in this case was with the Byrd or Ratcliff families, both of which had moved to Cattle Creek in Orangeburg District about 20 years before Thomas visited the Neuse River, and probably intermarried with the Orangeburgh Dukes family there.

William Ayler sold land in Dobbs Co NC to Obediah Smith as early as 1757/58 (Old Dobbs Co VA Deed Book 5 - April 1757 – April 1758 p. 190). Not much later William Ayler sold land to Thomas Thompson in Dobbs Co. (Old Dobbs Co NC Deed Book 6, Apr 1758-1765, p. 563) and during the same period Thomas Williamson sold land to William Ayler (Old Dobbs Co NC Deed Book 6, Apr 1758-1765, p. 260). William Ayler or Aylor purchased several parcels of land from William Barwick in 1771-3 (Old Dobbs Co NC Deed Book 9, Apr 1771-Apr 1773, pp. 272, 275, 294). An additional deed represents a land sale from William Ayler to Shadrick Hartsfield (Old Dobbs Co NC Deed Book 13, Apr 1784 to Apr 1789, p. 16) and from John Hartsfield to William Aylor (Old Dobbs Co NC Deed Book 13, Apr 1784 to Apr 1789, p. 308). William Ayler sold land to Benjamin Lewis (Old Dobbs Co NC Deed Book 18, 1798-1799, p. 95).

William Ayler was a taxpayer in Dobbs County (now Lenoir County), North Carolina, in 1769. ^¹⁰⁷ The family of this William Ayler is the only one found after years of searching that could be that of Ann Ayler Dukes. The family oral tradition tells us that he lived near relatives of the Dukes family, objects of Thomas Dukes’ visit. There are many candidates for relatives of Thomas Edmund Dukes in the Dobbs County area.

On 26 Jul 1777 William Aylor was drafted as a member of the Dobbs County NC militia, Capt. Kennedy’s company, along with Ezekial Creech, John Aldridge, John Fontaine, Jesse Aldridge, Benja. Byrd, Benja. Rister, Wm. Aldridge, and many others.

In 1780 those drafted incuded Elisha Freeman, Thos. Bird, Israel Joyner, and Joseph House.

In 1780 William Ayler was listed with 400 acres of land in the Dobbs County tax list, District 1, Lenoir County, Kinston west, but north of the Neuse River. He was payee #16. The Birds were also present. John Dukes was listed in District 10, payee 84.

Deed of sale for 100 acres of Land - name Benja Creech with no further information - beginning at a pine on ES of branch adj William Aylor, patent line - part of larger survey patented to WM. B. - torn

2. Grantee - Thomas Williamson - Grantor to John Barrs ? 200 acres - Jan Court on oath of William Aylor - Enrolled Dobbs Co – Charles Young, Regt

3. Samuel Thomas - patent and deed - (this documents is in a lot of small pieces) - 1745 - 20 April - this appears to be the patent date - NS Neuse

A Thomas Williamson was married to a daughter of Josiah John Holliman of Southampton Co VA; her sister married John Clayton (Southampton Co VA Will Book 2, p. 136). Sarah Williamson, daughter of Thomas Williamson of Southampton Co VA, married first a Ruffin and then John Taylor, son of Ethelred Taylor II and Patience Kinchen.^¹⁰⁸ This John Taylor was the brother of William Taylor of Dobbs Co NC. The Williamsons of Isle of Wight Co VA have many Duke family connections.

There is also, from Abstracts of Pre-1880 Lenoir county and Dobbs county deeds, Surveys, Land Grants, and Miscellaneous Documents in the Collection of Paul Arendell Hodges and Alma Dawson Hodges – North Carolina Archives:

NOTE: A small map of the land surveyed is drawn in the upper right corner of the document. Thomas House sold land to John P. White ((JOHNSTON/ DOBBS/ LENOIR COUNTIES GRANTOR INDEX – BOOK 1, 1746-1750, p.3).

said Creech by his father..." Mentioned in description of bounds: line of patten granted Benjamin Creech, Joshua Barwick, Paul Hartsfield's line, all House's orchards

Note the reference to “all House’s orchards.” A Thomas House had land in Dobbs Co,^¹⁰⁹ as did William House.^¹¹⁰

In 1772 William Ayler was security, with Gershom Wiggins, for the estate of John Ratcliff, administered by Joseph Ratcliff (An Account of Letters of Administration Granted for Dobbs County in the Year 1772). In 1784 a 100 acre plat was registered for Samuel Ratcliff on the waters of the Edisto in Orangeburg County SC.^¹¹¹ Another 100 acre plat on Cattle Creek was registered in the same year.^¹¹² A fifty acre plat on Cattle Creek was also registered.^¹¹³ Later grants were also made to the Ratciffs in the same area, including some immediately adjacent to Michael and Thomas Dukes.^¹¹⁴

Ratcliff family researchers have demonstrated that the Orangeburgh, SC, Ratcliff family was the same family that was adjacent William Aylor in Dobbs County NC.

William Ayler is on the 1780 tax list for Lenoir Co NC, District #1, from Kinston west, north of the Neuse River along with Benjamin Bird, Reuben Freeman, William and John Aldridge.

William Ayler was later joined by William Ayler Jr. in the 1788 voting rolls for Dobbs Co (Annals of Progress, the Story of Lenoir County and Kinston, North Carolina, by William S. Powell).

Elinder Aylor later appears in the same area. Abiel Smith sold land to Elenor Ayler (Old Dobbs Co NC Deed Book 10, Apr 1773 to Apr 1775, p. 49). Reedy Branch was eventually in Greene Co NC, a little over a mile north of the boundary with Lenoir Co. The location was very near the land of John Duke, which must have been in the extreme southwestern portion of District 10 of Dobbs County. Elinder Aylor later sold that land.

This Indenture made this Third day of December and in the Year of Our Lord One thousand Seven Hundred and Ninety five between Elinder Aylor of the State of North Carolina & County of Lenoir of the One part & Hardee Croom of the same place of the Other part - sum of Thirty Three pounds to her in hand paid by said Hardee Croom - sell a persel of Land on NW side of Gum Swamp beginning in Ready Branch - fifty acres

Enrolled in the Registers Office of Lenoir County in Liber K pages 393 & 394 the 4th day of February Amo Dom 1796

William Ayler appears in the list of those drafted for the militia 26 Jul 1777 in Dobbs Co for Capt. Kennedy’s company, along with Jesse Aldridge, Robert Bird, Thomas Bird, William Aldridge, John Fontaine, John Aldridge.

He was accompanied by other individuals from Dobbs (Lenoir) County, NC, all with later Orangeburgh County, SC, residence. These included Benjamin Risher, who went on to found the Risher family of the Colleton/Orangeburg county area. John Fontaine, apparently the brother of Mary Fontaine who married Benjamin Risher before they moved to Orangeburgh, was also a member. (Francis Fontaine, her grandfather, was in 1721/22 minister of St. Peter’s Parish, New Kent and James City Counties, Virginia.) Thomas and Benjamin Byrd are listed, and are probably brothers of the Nathaniel Bird of Lenoir County, NC, who founded the Orangeburgh/Colleton Byrd or Bird family. Nathaniel Bird appears in records with William Ayler.

The Aldridge and Byrd families were also on the boundary between Greene and Lenoir counties. Falling Run crosses the Greene-Lenoir county boundary immediately west of Institute, NC.

Extent: Tracts of 150 acres, 200 acres, 40 acres, 77 acres, 77 acres, 27 and one-half acres, 40 acres, and 100 acres. Included is "the mill and plantation formerly owned by Paul Hartsfield, decd." In consideration of: 5,600 dollars

Mentioned in description of bounds: Simon Lovick and Barwick lands, Joshua Barwick, and William Ayler's corner. Witnesses: William Herring, John Sugg Aldridge

Fauré

The origins of the Orangeburgh Fauré family in St. Thomas and St. Denis Parish are discussed in the Charleston Duke Family File. Peter Fauré was the grandson of Pierre Fouri, a Huguenot settler with the Petit-Guerard Colony of 1679-80.

Peter Fauré

Peter Fauré deeded two slaves and a horse to Barbara Hasfort, identified as his sister:

Description: FAURÉ, PETER, OF ORANGEBURG TOWNSHIP, BERKELEY COUNTY, PLANTER, TO HIS SISTER BARBARA HOSFORD, DEED OF GIFT FOR ONE SLAVE AND HER CHILD AND ONE BAY HORSE. (1 PAGE)

Randy Floyd suggests that Peter Fauré was half-brothers with the Hasforts, and that Barbara was his sister-in-law.

Peter Fauré is listed on the list of individuals receiving grants of town lots in Orangeburgh in 1736 as Peter Fort.^¹¹⁵

Description: FAURÉ, PETER, PLAT FOR A .5 ACRE TOWN LOT, NO. 387 IN BERKLEY COUNTY.

Description: FAURÉ, PETER, LAND GRANT FOR 200 ACRES AND 1 TOWN LOT ON PON PON RIVER.

Charleston Deed Book E-E, p. 183, 7 Jan 1748/9, Sale. Peter Fauré, of Berkeley Co., to William Barrie, for 5 shillings, 200 a. in Orangeburgh Township, Berkeley Co., bounding SW on Pon Pon River; other sides on the Township. Witnesses: Benjamin Payton, John (his mark) Ferree, Catherine (her mark) Puckridge, Sarah (her mark) Fauré renounced her dower. Before Robert Austin, J.P. John Beale, Register.

page 130 - Peter and Sarah Fauré susceptr for Elizabeth Burdell on 29 Dec 1751;

page 133 -- Sarah Fauré susceptr for John, son of John and Sirrah Clayton on 25 Oct 1741, also Luke Partrick, Brand Pendarvis as susceptrs.

page 135 - Peter Fauré susceptr with Rebecca Minnick for Luke, son of Luke and Mary Patrick on 23 Nov. 1751

page 138 - Peter and Sarah Fauré susceptr with Elizabeth Suther for Sarah, daughter of Joseph and Margaret (Hazelwood) Duke;

page 166 - Peter Fauré suret. with William Pendarvis and Catharina Puckridge for Thomas, son of Thomas and Hannah Pendarvis; 26 Dec 1756

page 167 - Peter and Sarah Fauré suret with Abraham Hasfort for Zachariah, son of William and Agnes Aldridge, born 18th Jan. 1754, bap. 1757;

page 180 - 14 Oct 1758, Peter Fauré suret with Lewis Netman and Mary Fauré for James, son of Isham and Anne Clayton;

page 187 - Peter Fauré suret with Isham and Anna Clayton for Church James, "a Bastard Child of Elizabeth Crossby"

also, page 103, "Feby 3 1747 In the House of Mr. Thomas Jones, Eugenia daughter of John Jones and Hannah his wife deceased. Goss. Joseph Jones, Patience Fauré & Eugenia Fauré."

In 1757 Peter Fauré was captain of the Fourhole Company of the South Carolina Militia; Ludovic Linder was his Lieutenant. There were 48 men and 3 “alarms.”^¹¹⁶

John Fauré

John Farree is said to have moved away before John William Fairey, progenitor of the Fairey family found in Orangeburg today, arrived from Ireland in the1760’s. John Farree was probably originally John Fauré. John Farree or Fauré was associated with Joseph Dukes of Orangeburgh in the Giessendanner records and in land records.

[1751] On Thursday September 26^th In Orangb. Church By Banns, Freeman Snellgrove of Amelia Township to Ann Jenkins, widow, being present: Miles Riley, John Fairy, Joseph Duke. ^¹¹⁷

This John Farree was certified for a grant,^¹¹⁸ and the property was surveyed, but he never pursued the actual grant. In his petition to the Royal Council, read 4 Mar 1747/48, he testified that he had been in the province 13 years and has a wife and four children. His petition appears next to that of Abraham Heizenwood [Eisenhut]. This John Fairy married Ann Yssenhut on 5 Feb 1743.^¹¹⁹ John Fauré was a witness, with Miles Riley and Joseph Duke, at the marriage of Freeman Snellgrove and Ann Jenkins.^¹²⁰ John Farree, with Peter Fauré, witnessed the sale of land by Seth Hatcher to John Simmons.^¹²¹

On 28 June 1752 Rev. Giessendanner baptised James, son of John and Christina Fairy, born 29 Dec 1751, with Joseph Griffith, Seth Hatcher, and Christina Fairy sponsors.^¹²² Presumably Ann Yssenhut Fairy was deceased.

Names Indexed: BRANNER, DOROTHY/MANNING, JETHRO/FARREE, JOHN/MCDANIEL, ROBERT/LEIGH, EGERTON/FAURÉ, PETER/

The deed records of South Carolina include a 1748/49 enfeoffment for 200 acres of land on the Pon Pon River (Edisto River) by John Fauré and his wife to William Barrie.^¹²³ This is probably the parcel mentioned above.

Description: FELDER, HENRY, MEMORIAL FOR TWO TRACTS, ONE FOR 300 ACRES IN BERKLEY COUNTY, SUMMARIZING A CHAIN OF TITLE TO A GRANT TO JOSEPH DUKE OF MAY 8, 1758, AND ONE FOR 200 ACRES IN ORANGEBURGH TOWNSHIP, SUMMARIZING A CHAIN OF TITLE TO A GRANT TO JETHRO MANNING OF JAN. 22, 1759.

Names Indexed: FELDER, HENRY/HAIG, GEORGE/DUKE, JOSEPH/DUKE, BARBARA/GOVAN, ANDREW/MCDONALD, RONALD/FARREE, JOHN/MANNING, JETHRO/MANNING, ROSENA/FISHER, JOHN/

Harriet Imrey has made an observation that relates to the variation in this name in a February 2005 e-mail:

“I found another item that may be relevant. Genealogist Theresa Hicks included an abstract of that 1748 deed in her 2000 book, "Saxe Gotha Neighbors". When Seth Hatcher sold his land to John Simmons, the witnesses were recorded as Peter Fauré (who signed his name), Joseph Wood (ditto), and "John (his mark) Farree." John Fairy/Ferry/Farree was illiterate, so the choice of spellings was up to the recorder. Could have started out as Fauré as easily as not! The person who wrote down this particular deed did not specialize in spelling or transcriptions. He listed adjacent landowner Simeon Theus as both Simon "Syse" and Simon "Pyse" in the same sentence.

Barker

Barker lands were adjacent the Weekley lands in Amelia Township, and the Barkers were associated with the Davis family in Christ Church Parish Berkeley Co. Thomas Barker witnessed a dower renunciation of Ann Davis (witness to Joan Duke’s will) in 1712.^¹²⁴

Joseph Barker owned land in Berkeley Co adjacent Jacob Motte (Mt. Pleasant) and Victor Ferguson:

Names Indexed: BARKER, JOSEPH/MOTTE, JACOB/ST. JOHN, JAMES/FERGUSON, VICTOR/

Description: GUY, WILLIAM, MEMORIAL FOR 500 ACRES IN BERKLEY COUNTY, 200 ACRES OF THE ABOVE TRACT WAS CONVEYED BY LEASE AND RELEASE BY WILLIAM GUY TO JOHN HEARN.

Description: BEE, THOMAS, MEMORIAL FOR 1,500 ACRES IN ST. GEORGES PARISH, BERKLEY COUNTY.

Names Indexed: BEE, THOMAS/HASTFORT, JOSEPH/FELDER, HENRY/BARKER, JOSEPH/MCINTOSH, HUGH/CREIGHTON, JOHN/FISHER, JOHN/PATRICK, LUKE/

In 1728 John “Heirn” witnessed a Barker land transaction involving land partly in Goose Creek Parish and partly in St. George’s Parish.^¹²⁵

Thomas Barker was involved in trade with Jamaica and traveled there, establishing his wife Sarah with power of attorney in South Carolina and referring to himself as Thomas Barker of Parish of Port Royal, Jamaica.^¹²⁶

Byrd

Nathaniel Byrd immigrated to Orangeburg and the immediate vicinity of the Dukes family, from Darlington Co SC, after Dobbs County NC where he was a neighbor of the Aylor and Duke families.^¹²⁷

Nathaniel Byrd, son of William and Sarah Bird of the Kinston vicinity, Lenoir Co NC, was granted land in Darlington District SC about 1768 and moved to the Orange District, where he was granted land on Cattles Creek in 1784 and he married Flora Fisher, daughter of Col. John Fisher.

Davis

Samuel Davis of Orangeburg married Salome Fuster, sister of Barbara Fuster. On 1 Feb 1747 Giessendanner baptised Samuel, son of Samuel and Salome Davis with witnesses Michael Christopher Row, Abraham Yssenhut and Mrs. Verena Wurtzer. On 28 Oct 1750 Samuel Davis witnessed the baptism of Isaac, son of Joseph and Barbara [Fuster] Brunzon, along with Abraham Yssenhut and the wife of Elias Snell. On 28 May 1751 Samuel Davis was a witness for the marriage of Robert Lammon to Barbara, widow of Jacob Brunzon, deceased, with other witnesses Michael Christopher Rowe and Joseph Griffous.

The Davis family of Orangeburg may have been associated with the Fitch family of Colleton County and the Duke family of Christ Church Parish. A Samuel Davis was acquiring land in Colleton County as early as 1700 (S213019, Vol. 0039, Page 00384 Item 02 Date 1700/08/17). In 1711 (S213019 Vol. 0039 Page 00100 Item 03 Date 1711/06/08) and in 1733 (S111001 Vol. 0003 page 00240 Item 01 Date: 1733/05/22) a Samuel Davis had land in Colleton County on Toogoodoo Creek. This Davis land was adjacent that of the Ash family. Cato Ash was designated an executor for Joan Watkins Halliburton Duke in Christ Church Parish, and Ann Davis, wife of David Davis of James Island, was a witness to that will (Series S111001 Vol. 0007, Page 00537, Item 02, Date 1751/07/18).

Samuel Davis, Sr., had differences with the Fitch family in 1723, suing for payment of a debt (Marianne DuGué married Tobias Fitch, brother of Joseph Fitch):

By 1733 there were senior and junior individuals named. Samuel Davis (Series: S111001 Volume - 0003 Page - 00348 Item - 01 Date: 1734/10/14). A Samuel Davis’s estate is mentioned in a 1788-1790 ledger from Georgetown.^¹²⁸

Fleury de la Plaine

The following Orangeburgh District reference may be a variant of Fleury (Marianne Fleury de la Plaine married Jacques DuGué first, and Peter Bacot second):

The subsequent survey was conducted by Peter Fauré (as were most in Amelia and Orangeburg townships during this period):

Names Indexed: FLEUROT, FRANCIS/MARTIN, WILLIAM/GANT, ANTHONY/JONES, JOHN/CASES, ROGER/HUNTER, GEORGE/FAURE, PETER/

From Citizens and Immigrants-South Carolina 1768, M. B. Warren, 1980 187 acres to be sold Aug 11 (1768?) in Amelia Township bounded on NW by Francis FLEUROTT

There appear to be no references to this family in the Giessendanner parish records.

Hearn

John Hearn’s Charleston area land holdings were concentrated around James Island:

Description: RUSSELL, STEPHEN TO JOHN HEARNE AND JOHN SANDFORD, MORTGAGE OF 250 ACRES OF LAND ON JAMES ISLAND, BERKLY COUNTY.

Description: HEARNE, JOHN, MEMORIAL FOR 4 TRACTS CONTAINING 722 ACRES ON JAMES ISLAND, ST. ANDREWS PARISH. (2 PAGES)

Names Indexed: HEARNE, JOHN/CHAPMAN, WILLIAM/WITTERS, JAMES/WESTBURY, EDWARD/PULFORD, JOHN/CARLISLE, WILLIAM/RUSSELL, WILLIAM/DRAKE, JONATHAN/DENNIS, CAPT./SCREVENS, WILLIAM/

Locations: JAMES ISLAND/SAINT ANDREWS PARISH/BERKELEY COUNTY/MIDDLE BAY ISLAND/NEWTOWN CREEK/WAPPOO CREEK

In 1733 Hearn obtained land in what was then Edisto Township. This land was immediately below what is now the town of Orangeburg. Salley described it as land that at the time of his writing (1899) belonged to the Dukes family:

In 1739 Paul de St. Julien filed a memorial for land originally belonging to John and George Hearn (Series: S111001 Volume - 0005 Page 00374 Item 01 Date: 1739/06/22 ).

In 1745 a John Hearn filed a deposition as John Hearne, hatmaker of James Island, aged sixty-eight (Series: S213003 Volume - 002F Page - 00381 Item - 00 Date: 1745/05/31).

Joseph Bee was appointed guardian of John Hearne, infant son of Peter Hearne, in 1752 (Series: S213003 Volume - 002I Page - 00144 Item - 00 Date: 1752/02/21).

Perhaps it is coincidence, but this plat for James Dukes on the Edisto, who was probably ancestral to the Orangeburgh branch of the Duke family in Oxford, Mississippi, was originally surveyed for Joseph Bee:

Description: DUKES, JAMES, PLAT FOR 374 ACRES ON EDISTO RIVER, ORANGEBURGH DISTRICT, SURVEYED BY PATRICK CAIN FOR JOSEPH BEE ON JUNE 23, 1775.

Names Indexed: DUKES, JAMES/CAIN, PATRICK/THOMSON, JAMES/FARRAR, BENJAMIN/BLICKENDEN, WILLIAM/BEE, JOSEPH/

Haig

George Haig was a well-known Indian trader who was captured by the Nottoways and killed in 1748.^¹²⁹

In 1740, Haig obtained land adjacent Joseph Wragg, husband of Judith Dubose, who was the daughter of James Dubose and Marie DuGué.

The following are abstracts of records which are in private hands. None of these are known to be recorded in extant records, with the exception of the grants and plats, and a few deeds recorded in Charleston records which are so noted. We continue to be pleasantly surprised with such finds.

(lease and release) 26 & 27 June 1740, James St. John of Charles Town, Prov. of S. C., Esqr., to George Haig of Berkley County, planter (lease s5, release £ 400)…712 acres bounding to the northward on Santee River, adj. other lands of James St. John, William York; also 520 acres adj. Wm York, Joseph Wragg… tract of 712 acres granted 14 Feb 1735; tract of 520 acres granted same day.

Hasfort

Joseph Hasfort held land on the opposite side of Aldridge’s land near Joseph Dukes in Orangeburgh.^¹³⁰ Hasfort was a trader with the inland Indians. Joseph Hasfort owned land near the Pendarvis family and the Elms in Colleton County:

Description: HASFORT, JOSEPH, PLAT FOR 132 ACRES OF LAND IN COLLETON COUNTY.

Names Indexed: HASFORT, JOSEPH/PENDARVIS, JOSEPH/CATTLE, JOHN/NICHOLS, HENRY/DRAYTON, ANNE/ST. JOHN, JAMES/MILES, JOHN/

The earliest Hasfords or Hasforts in Orangeburgh were John, Thomas, and Joseph, along with an Abraham Hasfort. Thomas Hasfort was an Indian trader who was deceased by 1732. His brother, Joseph Hasfort, married Hannah Keys Pendarvis, widow of John Pendarvis. Joseph Hasfort was a petitioner to the crown against the proprietors in 1716,^¹³¹ and in 1745/47 he was a subscriber contributing to funds for a school for poor children in St. James, Goose Creek, Parish.^¹³² Hasfort maintained cow pens on his property below the town of Orangeburg.

Johnston

Paul and Jonathon Johnston married daughters of Barbara Fuster Brunson Lammons Dukes.

An earlier Orangeburgh Johnston had land in Amelia near the Joyners, and thus near Ft. Motte and Joseph Dukes’ early associates Freeman Snellgrove and Miles Riley:

Description: JOHNSTON, ALEXANDER, PLAT FOR 200 ACRES AND A .5 ACRE TOWN LOT IN AMELIA TOWNSHIP.

Names Indexed: ST. JOHN, JAMES/JOHNSTON, ALEXANDER/LAYEY, JOHN/JOYNER, JOSEPH/HAIG, GEORGE/

Lammons

Francis Lemmon appears in a list of all married by John Giessendanner, as “86. Francis Lamons . . . . To N.N.”^¹³³ This would have been in the late 1740’s, prior to Giessendanner’s trip to England to be ordained in the Anglican communion, although no specific date was given. Francis Lamons is probably the same individual recorded as Francis Lemmon, member of the 7th Company, Beach Hill District, St. Paul’s Parish, Berkeley County militia of 1756.^¹³⁴ He was probably the brother of Robert Lammons who married the widowed Barbara Fuster Brunson.

The LDS IGI lists the wife of this Francis Lamon as Elizabeth Beaird, and their daughter as Sarah Lamon, who married a Perry.

Another reference links Francis Lemon and an Elizabeth Lemon. This is in the 1770 records of the Court of Ordinary pertaining to the will of Margaret Beaird of St. Mathews Parish.

Land grants to both a George and a James Baird were recorded in the Amelia Township near the Broad River; they were near neighbors of Peter Crim’s 250 acre grant that was surveyed 8 Mar 1749 and granted 30 Nov 1750. ^¹³⁵ There was dispute whether the will of Margaret Baird should be approved despite an irregularity in the signature; Francis Lemon and his wife Elizabeth were involved.^¹³⁶ Francis Lamon brought suit against Joseph Joiner as executor of Margaret Beard’s estate.

The 1787 will of Francis Lamon of St. George’s Parish, planter, mentions wife Elizabeth, John Mell, Mary Mell, William Mell, James Rolathan and daughters Sarah Perry, Ann Harley and Elizabeth Riggs.^¹³⁷

The Lemon or Leman name is not very common in South Carolina, but also appears in the context of John Leman, master of the Loyal Judith out of Charleston in the 1740’s.^¹³⁸ George Lemon married Esther Watts on 3 Apr 1779 in St. Phillip’s Parish, Charleston.^¹³⁹

Le Bas

John Le Bas was an administrator of the estate of James Dugue in 1695/96. Subsequently the Le Bas family acquired land in Amelia Township in a location close to people who were associated with Joseph Dukes.

The Records of the Secretary for the Province show the following regarding the estate of James Dugue:^¹⁴⁰

January 18, 1695-6, John Lebas, Henry Le Noble and Peter Guerard executed their bond to Governor Archdal for Lebas’s faithful performance of his trust as administrator of the estate of James Dugue, late of Charles Town, deceased. Witness: Charles Odingsells (Page 231).

Virginia Gourdin has suggested that Lebas (Le Bas) might have been a business partner of Jacques Du Gué.^¹⁴¹ This may well be true. Aside from his important role as administrator of the estate of Jacques Du Gué, he witnessed legal documents while in Jamaica relating to the estate of Susanna Barker, suggesting that he too was involved in Jamaican trade.^¹⁴² Le Noble was a fellow Huguenot, and doubtless the ancesetor of the “Mr. Noble” referenced in Henry Laurens letter mentioning Mr. Duke on the Altahama River.

Numerous SCDAH documents (for example, S372001 Vol. 00N0 Page 00300 Item 00 Date 1731-1734) show the Le Bas family, beginning with Capt. Paul Le Bas, in St. John’s Parish, on Biggins Creek. James, John and Peter Le Bas owned land adjacent John Colleton in St. John’s Parish and their families transacted business with the Colletons on several occasions (for example, SCDAH Series No. S111001, Vol. 0003, Page 00421, Item 01). Even this early, relationships between lowcountry families were complex. Judith Du Bourdeaux, daughter of Samuel Du Bourdeaux and his wife Judith Du Gué, married James Colleton.^¹⁴³ Fairlawn, the Colleton plantation, was immediately below Moncks Corner. Biggins Branch is shown immediately northeast of Moncks Corner on the 1773 Mouzon map of South Carolina. The Bonneau family is shown near its headwaters.

There was a 200 acre grant in 1735 to James Le Bas in Berkeley County, the plat having been surveyed by George Haig (plat S213184, Vol. 0003, p. 00385, Item 01, Date 1735/09/30; grant S213019 Vol. 0002 P. 00259, Item 00, Date 1735/02/14).

In 1736 James “Lea Bas” had a plat for 407 acres surveyed in Berkeley County on the Pon Pon (Edisto) River adjacent “James” (Joseph?) Hasfort (SCDAH Series No. S213184, Vol. 0002, Page 00429, Item 01, Date 1736/01/04).

There also was 200 acre 1736 grant to James Lebas in Berkeley County (S213019 Vol. 0041 Page 00139 Item 00).

The Susan Smythe Bennett map of plats in and around Amelia Township shows two Le Bas grants. The first is shown immediately east of what is now Creston in Calhoun County, below a later 500 acre grant to John Fouquette and above a grant to Thomas Sabb. This property is immediately east of the road south to Monck’s Corner. It is listed as John Le Bas, 1735, 200 acres, but may be one of the above James Le Bas grants.

The second Le Bas grant is shown to the northwest on Ox Creek near Benjamin Carter and John Lacy, below Thomas Weekly and William Mitchell and above Peter Gourdine. John Waring of Colleton Co acquired a grant to the southwest of these, and adjacent Waring is a 1736 grant to Peter Fauré. This cluster of early grant properties is on the Cherokee Path, one of the routes for Indian trade with Charleston, and includes the 1704 property of George Sterling, earliest settler in the region.

Ann Lebas (widow of James) and Thomas Sabb were executors of James Lebas (S372001 Vol. 02MO Page 00148 Item 00 Date 1739-1753). In 1748/49 Ann Le Bas mortgaged 845 acres of land in Berekely County to Thomas Sabb (W372001 Vol. 02#0 P. 00127, Item 00). In 1751 Thomas Sabb was appointed manager of Fairlawn and Exeter plantations by Sir John Colleton, in a letter to Thomas and Nathanial Broughton designating them to handle the estate of his son John Colleton. There was also mention of an agreement between John Colleton and Morgan Sabb over management of Colleton’s southern barony (S213003 Vol. 002I Page 00185 Item 02 Date 1751/04/02). In 1756 Thomas Saab was surveyed a plat for 100 acres in Amelia Township adjacent Benjamin Carter, Ann Le Bas, Bell Broughton, John Lacey and William De Brahm (S 213184 Vol. 0006, Page 00184). A 1756 plat for 300 acres was adjacent Ann Le Bas, Benjamin Carter, William De Brahm in Amelia Township (S213184 Vol. 0006 Page 00198 Item 01 Date 1756/02/03).

Miley

New Windsor

The Mileys began their SC career at New Windsor, established by Johannes Tobler, uncle of Barbara Fuster Dukes. Isaac Perry, relative of the Fairfield Co. Duke family, was surveyor for many of the New Windsor plats. Miley’s petition came 21 years after New Windsor was founded:

Page 159: On reading of the Petitioner of Christiana Fulbright setting forth That a few weeks ago he had seen a special warr’t survey from the Governor dated February last to Leonard Swezer for 250 acres and one to Henry Miley for 200 acres of Land presently posessessed by the Pet’r by virtue of a Lease and Release from William Lambeth . . .

No petition from a Henry Miley appears in the Council Journals. A grant was made, however, to John Miley:

Names Indexed: MILEE, JOHN/LAMBETH, WILLIAM/SWIZAR, LEONARD/DE BRAHM, WILLIAM/TOBLER, ULRICK/

Names Indexed: SWEZER, LEONARD/LAMBETH, WILLIAM/MILEE, JOHN/TOBLER, JOHN/DE BRAHM, WILLIAM/TOBLER, ULRICK/

Names Indexed: NEYLE, GOSPER/NEYLE, DANIEL/STOUTNECKER, JOHN/MILEY, HENRY/SWISHER, LENYARD/PERRY, ISAAC/TROUP, JOHN/

Why New Windsor? Probably because they were Swiss. A soundex search of the LDS records found Heinrich Meili of Wildberg, Canton Zurich, Switzerland, born 6 Sep 1648, died 14 Apr 1712. Another Heinrich Meili was from Hedingen, Canton Zurich, b. 17 Aug 1684 and died 31 Jul 1721. This family immigrated to Lebanon, PA.

The Meilis are listed in the Familiennamenbuch. I checked my CD on Swiss emigrants, and came up with numerous Mileys. The PA Mieles are from an old Zurich Anabaptist family, but the name is also found in cantons St. Gallen and Thurgau. Common Swiss spelllings are Meile and Meili. The closest English equivalent using soundex on the LDS records is Milly.

Fairfield

"Lease & Release. 29 & 30 December 1774. Robert Duke of Craven County, Parish of St. Marks, planter, to Henry Miley of same, for 500 pounds, tract granted to said Robert Duke May 1774, recorded in Book QQQ, page 158, 100 acres on south side of the Wateree river on Twenty five mile creek. Robert Duke (LS), Wit: Jeremiah Pierson, James Lewis, George Watts. Proved 1 May, 1775 by the oath of Jeremiah Pierson before John N. Oglethorpe, J.P. Recorded 12 March 1787."

A Henry Miley was in Camden District in the 1778 census. He is on the jury list for Camden District, p. 53, separated by only one entry (John Armstrong) from Peter Crim and Robert Duke. William Tucker is a few entries above.

There also an indexed 1766 Judgment, John Bean v. Henry Miley/Milley. All this is interesting to me because this area is discussed in some detail by William Bartram. In my copy, which is the Dover edition, at pages 254-259 . Henry Miley next appears in the deed you discovered from Robert Dukes (of Fairfield?) on 25 Mile Creek in I think 1774. He has moved North and East. He next appears being sued (and losing) along with Jesse Brown, by Francis Goodwin Jr. and Uriah Goodwin in 1788, and is indexed, probably as an adjacent possessor in January 1788 on Rocky Branch in Camden District. His neighbors being Samuel Laughen, John Milling, and John Swiney

Orangeburg/Calhoun

In the 1790 census of Orangeburg Co Henry Miley appears on page 97 (handwritten page 407) adjacent John Fridig, Miley was listed as 1 1 2 -. He was adjacent John Fridig (2 2 3 - ), a relative of the Kinsler family (Robert Duke married Ann Kinsler). On page 407 are Rebekah Hart, John Goodwyn, Arthur DeBardeleben, Daniel Gartman, George Dreher. Thomas Dukes is on page 409 adjacent John Hartzog and near Luke Patrick, the Murphys, Daniel Govan, and John Tatum; the Heatleys are on the same page, Joseph and John Tucker are on 410 with the Cattles Creek group including Michael Dukes.

Description: FRIDIG, JOHN ADMOR. AND GABRIEL FRIDIG AND MARY, HIS WIFE, ADMIX. OF JOHN KINSLER VS TIMOTHY MCKINNY, JUDGMENT ROLL.

Names Indexed: FRIDIG, JOHN//FRIDIG, GABRIEL/FRIDIG, MARY//KINSLER, JOHN/MCKINNY, TIMOTHY/

John Fridigs SCDAH grants were on Congaree Creek. Congaree Creek is a major drainage into the Congaree River; Red Bank Creek is a tributary of this creek. The 1825 Mills Atlas shows W. Geigger’s Mill, Geigger’s. and W. Giegger on this drainage, along with the Platt Spring Academy. On the Granby Road to the east is the Elias Crims house. Jacob Haugabook is on p. 94 of the Orangeburgh 1790 census, near Michael Wise, John Berry, John Sharp, Joseph Baughman, William Fridig, and various Giegers,

Barnwell

South Carolina: Searching for proof of parents of HENRY MILEY (B: CA 1740; D: AFT 1800) who in 1759 lived in the Camden Dist., Craven Co., SC. His land was on Bell Branch and Bear Creek, waters of 25 Mile Creek. He and his son, Robert Miley, had moved into the Orangeburg Dist., SC by the 1790 census. Henry appears to have married Jane and then Rosana. In Orangeburg, Henry and Robert Miley lived on Lemon Swamp, between the Little Salkhatchie River and the South Edisto River. This land would later fall into Barnwell Dist., SC. Robert Miley's children were: Henry, Jacob, David, Delilah, Samuel, Robert, Jr., Daniel, Martin, Mary "Polly", William Goodman, Susannah, James Wilson, and Andrew Barnwell. Of these children, Henry, Daniel and Martin Miley came to Mississippi in ca 1818-1821.

Description: MILEY, ROBERT OF BARNWELL DISTRICT, WILL TYPESCRIPT (MSS WILL: BOOK B, PAGE 132; ESTATE PACKET: BDL 30, PKG 11) (3 FRAMES).

Names Indexed: MILEY, ROBERT/MILEY, WILLIAM/SMITH, DELILAH/CANNON, HENRY/MILEY, ANN SUSANNAH/CARTER, WILLIAM/CARTER, GEORGE/CALDWELL, ABRAHAM/STEEDLEY, JAMES/CALDWELL, CLEMONS/MILEY, ELIZABETH/SMOKE, WILLIAM/SMITH, EASON/WILSON, 4444[JAMES/MILEY, ANDREW BARNWELL/WILL (SLAVE)/EMA (SLAVE)/ISAAC (SLAVE)/FRANK (SLAVE)/JANE (SLAVE)/MORRIS (SLAVE)/SION (SLAVE)/NAN (SLAVE)/MILEY, HENRY/MILEY, JACOB/MILEY, DAVID/MILEY, SAMUEL/MILEY, DANIEL/MILEY, MORTON

The following South Carolina Magazine of Ancestral Research references on the Mileys and some of their neighbors are from the 1810 Barnwell tax list.:

Arick (Eric) Johnson $4.50 (one of the family into which Barbara's daughters married, grants near Branchville)

Description: INHABITANTS OF BARNWELL, PETITION FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF AN ADDITIONAL POLL AT ROBERT MILEYS MILLS ON LEMANS SWAMP. (2 PAGES)

Description: MILEY, ROBERT, PLAT FOR 417 ACRES ON LONG BRANCH, BARNWELL DISTRICT, SURVEYED BY JAMES THURSTON.

Names Indexed: MILEY, ROBERT/THURSTON, JAMES/WARNER/RICE, DAVID/CLAYTON, JAMES/MILLHOUSE, JOHN/MURO, DANIEL/WHITTENHALL/

The Milhouse name also occurred in the ungranted 1786 plat to John Dukes on Lemons Creek.

Patrick

Another Orangeburg family with subsequent Dukes association in Mississippi is Patrick. The first census appearance of Patrick is in 1840 in Rankin, where a young and childless I.R. Patrick appears sandwiched between John Tucker and H, H. Tucker, and only 4 households away from James and Joseph M. Dukes, while Luke and John Patrick also appear in Rankin in 1840. The Patrick family of Orangeburg County, SC, is closely associated with the Dukes family of Orangeburg.

Tuckers

The Tuckers appear to have immigrated to Mississippi with the Mileys and the Dukes. John Tucker was the father-in-law of James Dukes who immigrated. Tucker was a part-time preacher. Also note that a Steedly was witness for the will of Robert Miley in Barnwell Co SC.

We know that there were early Dukes-Tucker connections. Elizabeth Duke, possibly a daughter of Michael, married William Tucker, producing sons Joseph Dukes Tucker and William Steedly Tucker.

Tuckers below Orangeburg

The Tuckers of Cattle Creek have been said to have immigrated to South Carolina from Bermuda in 1685, moving first to Colleton Co. before proceeding farther inland to Cattle Creek.

Bermuda: I, John Vobe of said place, Gent., now bound to England, have appointed Capt. Thomas Brooke and Charles Minor, Gent., both of these islands, my attorneys, to receive and take possession of all my lna,d shares of land, buildings, slaves, chattels, sums of money, rents and profits, both real and personal, belonging to me from any person in S. C. or “Elsewhere in American either by Sea or land Be ye Same of what Nature Kind Quality Quantity or Condition Soever” . . . . Signed: “in Vobe.” Wit: Wm. Semour, Will. Tucker, Senr. D: 10 Aug 1702. R: in Sec. Office in Bermuda.

Certify: came before Gov. Benja. Bennett, Esq. Col. William Tucker and Capt. William Seymour who swore they did see John Vobe sign within Letter of Attorney. Signed B. Bennett. D: 17 Oct. 1703.

Certify: came before me, said Gov., Charles Miners, Sec. of these Islands, and swore that the within Letters of Attorney and Probate of same are true copies of the originals on record in these Islands. Signed: B. Bennett. D: 20 Oct. 1703.

In South Carolina John Tucker had property in Charleston and in Berkeley and Colleton counties:^¹⁴⁵

I, John Tucker of Berkeley County, S. C., planter, and Ruth my wife; Whereas Hon. Lords Proprs. Of province did grant on 9 May 1694 under hands of Thomas Smith, Esq., Gov., and commissioners for granting land in Carolina did give to Jane Flower of Charles Town a lot in Charles Town known on Grand Model as No. 205 paying yearly 1p c.m. of England; Jane Flower by Deed of Sale bearing date 4 mar. 1694/5 for consideration did grant to Ralph Elms of Berkeley County, planter, part of said lot butting to N upon st. leading from Cooper to Ashley River, S on lot belonging to Andrew Percival, to W on lot belonging to William Bollough and to E on other part said lot . . . Whereas Ralph Elms taken possession of said aprt lot No. 205 did by his will bearing date 16 Feb. 1711/12 duly proved and rec. in Sec. Office gave to his dau. Ruth Elms, now wife of Said Tucker . . . . I give to my dau. Ruth Elms one plantation containing 300 acres of land situate in Colleton County next plantation of Stephen Ford and to N a savannah together with a house and part town lot fronting on N Capt. Huet’s lot . . . Now know Ye I, said John Tucker and my wife Ruth, da. Of said Elms . . . . . . for consideration of £100 c.m. give me by David Bourke of Charles Town, merchant, the receipt whereof I acknowledge, do sell to said Bourke above mentioned town lot No. 205. . . . .Signed John Toker, Ruth Toker, their mark. [Tucker?]/ D: 7 Mar. 1714/15.

Received from David Bourke within sum of £100 in full for purchase of within premises. Signed: John Toker [Tucker]. Wit: Thomas Hepworth, Goerge Ducat, Cha. Read. D: 7 Mar. 1714/15.

Personally came before me Thomas Hepworth, Esq., one of His Majesty’s Justice of Peace for Berkeley County, George Ducket and Charles Read who swore they did see John Toker [Tucker] and Ruth his wife sign within Deed of Sale to David Bourke . . . Signed: Thomas Hepworth. D: 18 Mar. 1714/15.

Documentation of transactions involving town lot #205 and a Colleton County plantation adjacent Stephen Ford and Capt. “Huct.” __ Hepworth, George Ducat, and Chas Read were witnesses on 11 Aug 1715.^¹⁴⁶

Most interesting of all is the following reference in which John “Tocker” witnessed a deed between Jonathan Fitch and Tobias Fitch, husband of Marianne DuGué:^¹⁴⁷

I, Jonathan Fitch of Berkeley County, Carolina, planter, agree to and with Tobias Fitch; I, Jonathan Fitch, for £2,000 c.m. paid to me by Tobias Fitch of said county do sell to Tobias Fitch that tract or tracts of land where my father Jonathan Fitch, last lived being on N side Ashley River as shown on plats to which is annexed the Lords. Proprs. grant; Furthermore I do agree to Tobias Fitch and his heirs shall peaceably occupy and enjoy said premises without any manner of moilestation by me or any of my heirs, the quit rent reserved an dpayable to Lords Proprs. . . .Signed Jonathan Fitch. Wit: John Tocker, Elias Clifford. D: 2 Aprl. 1715.

Memorandum: peaceable possession of the within granted premises was taken by Jonthan Fitch, grantor, and like possession was delivered to Tobias Fitch according to law. Wit: [same]. D: 2 Apr. 1715.

Memorandum: came before me Elizas Clifford who swore that he did see Jonathan Fitch sign within Bill of Sale to within mentioned Tobias Fitch, and also John Toker did witness same. Signed: Robt. Daniell. D: 28 Apr 1716. R: 1 May 1716. P. 303.

An Arthur Tucker married Ann Rivers on 7 Sep 1711 (South Carolina Magazine of Ancestral Research, Vol. 5, #3). The 1825 Mills Atlas of Charleston County shows the Rivers family concentrated heavily on James Island, with the Fraser and Holmes families. An index of South Carolina marriages shows Elizabeth Rivers m. Peter Hearne on 18 Dec 1781, Elizabeth Rivers m. Joseph Ladson on 21 Oct 1750, Mrs. Hanah Rivers m. James Laurens on 30 Jan 1724, John Rivers m. Eliza Godfrey on 26 Dec 1738, and William Rivers m. Susannah Frances Maverick on 6 Nov 1740. Another index indicates Mary Rivers married Israel Bourdeaux on 12 Dec 1743. These connections place them squarely in St. Andrews Parish, in and inland from James Island, with the DuGué family.

Another marriage index shows John H. Tucker m. Elizabeth Ann Allston on 12 Jan 1809, and Mary Elizabeth Tucker m. George H. Spierin on 28 May 1801.

Arthur Tucker’s will is listed in Charleston Wills, Vol. 11 (1767-71), p. 327. A will is listed for John Tucker in Vol. 13 (1767-71), p. 892. The earliest Tucker will listed is for Joseph Tucker, Vol. 5 (1740-47), p. 223.

Tuckers on Cattles Creek

Description: TUCKER, JOHN, MEMORIAL FOR 100 ACRES ON CATTLES CREEK, BERKLY COUNTY, SUMMARIZING A CHAIN OF TITLE TO A GRANT TO WILLIAM DAVIS OF MARCH 24, 1756.

On 3 Mar 1767 John and Arthur Tucker each petitioned for 100 aces on Cattle Creek.^¹⁴⁸

Names Indexed: TUCKER, JOHN/YOUNG, WILLIAM/TUCKER, ARTHUR/TROUP, JOHN/MITCHELL, JOHN/

Names Indexed: TUCKER, JOHN/YOUNG, WILLIAM/TUCKER, ARTHUR/MITCHELL, JOHN/TROUP, JOHN/

Description: TUCKER, JOHN JR., MEMORIAL FOR TWO TRACTS ON EDISTOE RIVER, BERKLEY COUNTY, ONE FOR 100 ACRES AND ONE FOR 500 ACRES, BOTH SUMMARIZING A CHAIN OF TITLE TO A GRANT TO WILLIAM GLOVER OF MAY 13, 1756.

Names Indexed: TUCKER, JOHN JR./GLOVER, WILLIAM/SKIRVING, JAMES JR./TUCKER, JOHN SR./

In the 1790 census of Orangeburg Co John Tucker (living with one female) is adjacent a Joseph Tucker, living with two young males and six females, on p. 97. The neighbors include the Crums, suggesting the western end of Cattles Creek.

John Tucker also appears on p. 98, which includes names suggestive again of Cattles Creek and Cow Castle, include John Ruple, Henry Shuler and Peter Frederick. Near this John Tucker are Jacob Rickenbacker and Henry “Hurger”.

Names Indexed: TUCKER, JOHN/COOK, BENJAMIN/BEAL, COLON/BLAKLAND, WILLIAM/BREMAR, JOHN/

Names Indexed: TUCKER, JOHN/WOODS, JOSEPH/KANER, JACOB/LANG, ROBERT/BREMAR, JOHN/

Names Indexed: TUCKER, JOHN JR./GLOVER, WILLIAM/SKIRVING, JAMES JR./TUCKER, JOHN SR./

In 1790 John Tucker is at Cattles’ Creek with the Byrds, Dukes, and so forth (page 410, Orangeburgh North) and on 418 near the Ruples and a Thomas Wyld.

Bamberg County

In the 1800 census, the Tuckers were south of the Edisto River in what is now Bamberg Co: Joseph and John Tucker Sr. on p. 509-510, John Tucker Jr and John Tucker on p. 509-510, and Joseph Tucker Jr. and Thomas Tucker on p. 513-514, William Tucker and William Tucker Jr. on p. 515-516. David Steedly was on p. 507-508, James Steedly was on p. 511-512, with Samuel Miley, Robert Miley, and John Patrick. Their neighbors in the census place them adjacent the land grant surveyed for James Dukes of Orangeburg in 1796.

William Blitchenden, adjacent to James Dukes' land above, appears in the 1800 Orangeburgh South (Barnwell) census on p. 509 immediately adjacent Joseph Tucker Sr. and John Tucker Sr. This places the Tuckers adjacent the James Duke plat of 1798. The most obvious explanation for the 1798 James Dukes plat is that James Dukes was moving, or thinking of moving, from Cattles Creek to Barnwell at the same time as the Tuckers.

The Tuckers and Blickenden, and presumably also this James Dukes, were also very close in the census to the Abraham Brunson family (p. 509/510). Abraham was the son of Jonathan and Martha Brunson; Abraham Yssenhut (Joseph Dukes' first father-in-law) was his baptismal sponsor (Giessendanner parish records 27 Jan 1751). Abraham Brunson was related to Jacob Brunson who was the first husband of Barbara Fuster, who was subsequently to marry Robert Lammons, of Lemons (Lammons) Swamp, and then later became the second wife of Joseph Dukes of Cattles Creek, Orangeburgh.

Description: TROTTI, LAWRENCE, PLAT FOR 5, 650 ACRES ON LEMONS SWAMP, ORANGEBURG DISTRICT, SURVEYED BY GASPER TROTTI.

Names Indexed: TROTTI, LAWRENCE/TROTTI, GASPER/HAIG, JOHN/MILHOUSE, JOHN/RICHARDS, JAMES L./BLITCHENDEN, ABRAHAM/CLAYTON, ISHAM/IRVIN, JAMES/BRUTON, BENJAMIN/BLITCHENDEN, WILLIAM/STOUTENBOROUGH, WILLIAM//HORN, JOSIAH/HILL, WILLIAM/TUCKER, JOSEPH/RUTLEDGE, JOHN/BRIGMAN, WILLIAM/ITMAN, BENJAMIN/HOFFHAM, SOLOMON/DODD, JESSE/BRADWELL/EASON, GEORGE/SMITH, CHARLES/PADGET, WILLIAM /

Lemon Creek is immediately east of Brunson Swamp just below Bamberg, in modern Bamberg County. Bamberg was formed from Barnwell in 1897.

Weekley

Miles Riley, witness with Joseph Dukes and John Farree at the Snellgrove wedding, married Elizabeth Weekly 22 Sep 1750. Elizabeth was the widow of Thomas Weekly, early Amelia-area settler. Witnesses were William Cammel (Campbell), William Cooper, and Caspar Ott. William Cooper had married Sarah, widow of Thomas Hasfort. His brother Richard Hasfort married Barbara Dietrichs, half sister of Peter Fauré. Joseph Hasfort married Hannah Goring Keys Pendarvis, widow of John Pendarvis. John Hearn was one of the guardians of the Pendarvis children, and Thomas Hasfort and Claudius Fauré were his guardians when his parents died in 1715.

Names Indexed: WEEKLEY, THOMAS/HAYNES, NICHOLAS/LACY, JOHN/FAURÉ, PETER/ST. JOHN, JAMES/

William Cammell had a 1743 land grant in Amelia (Series: S213019 Volume - 0042 Page - 00223 Item - 00 Date: 1743/03/02 Description: Cammell, William, Land Grant for 200 Acres in Berkley County). It was adjacent Thomas Weekley and Thomas and Joseph Barker (Series: S111001 Volume - 0011 Page - 00140 Item - 02 Date: 1772/03/04 Description: Whetstone, Henry, Memorial for 100 aces in Amelia Township, Berkley County.) On the Smyth map both Weekly and Campell are shown on the “Cherokee Path” immediately south of what is now St. Matthews. The Barkers are significant connections between early Orangeburg and Charleston.

The Weekly family settled in the Amelia area prior to the German-Swiss immigration into Orangeburgh District, SC, and after 1731, placing their arrival between 1731 and 1735. The Weekly family and others (Robert Whitford, Joseph Lyons, Benjamin Carter) among the original settlers in the Amelia area are also found in the St. Phillip’s Parish Register, Charleston, indicating that the families moved from that area.^¹⁴⁹

More specifically in connection with the Weekly family, Ten Mile Hill on Goose Creek was the site of a tavern or inn, about 10 miles out of Charleston on the road leading into the interior. A grant for 342 acres was made to Thomas Perriman; this is confirmed by grants of 1717 to Elizabeth Perriman and to John Perriman, which are said to be parts of the earlier grant to Thomas Perriman. The new grants were apparently intended to clarify the legal title of Perriman’s children and heirs. On 10 Apr 1719 John Perriman in turn conveyed his land to Edward Weekly. It subsequently became part of Oakland Plantation. Benjamin Perriman was an Indian trader who inherited a share of the property from the childless Elizabeth Perriman, as her cousin and heir at law. ^¹⁵⁰

No early Orangeburg area grants appear for anyone named Miles Riley in the SCDAH records, but starting in 1775 the name appears adjacent other grants in western Orangeburgh District.

In the 1790 census of Orangeburgh, there is only one Riley, George, on page 98. He is listed near Andrew Houser, Lewis Golson Jr., John Stoutemire, Melchior Ott, John Stack, and Henry Segrist. The Ott family places this George as a probable descendant of Miles Riley who was associated with Caspar Ott. They probably lived on the old Weekly grant that Riley would have acquired when he married Thomas Weekley’s widow. Riley’s land grant:

Peter Fauré obtained a 1736 grant near the Ox Creek grants of Benjamin Carter, Thomas Weekly and William Campbell.

1 Waters, Margaret G. 2002. A Preliminary Study of the Colonial Landowners of Orangeburgh Township, SC 1733-1749. Savannah: Waters. Page 12.

2 Giessendanner Records. In Salley, A.S., Jr. 1898. The History of Orangeburg County, South Carolina, from Its First Settlement to the Close of the Revolutionary War, Orangeburg, S.C.; reprinted Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, 1994. Page 114.

3 Torrence, Clayton. 1980. Virginia Wills and Administrations 1632-1800. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company. Page 394.

4 Royal Council Journal, November 1757. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

5 Holcomb, Brent H. 1998. Petitions for Land from the South Carolina Council Journals. Vol. V: 1757-1765. Columbia: SCMAR. Page 15.

6 Royal Grants, Vol. 8, page 428. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

7 Colonial Plats, Vol. 6, page 307, Item 1. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

8 Memorials, Vol. 14, page 31, item 3. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

9 Colonial Plats. Vol. 6, page 307, item 1. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

10 Memorials, Vol. 9, page 239, item 1. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

11 Hendrix, Ge Lee Hendrix. The First Settlers on The North Fork of The Edisto River, S. C. The National Genealogical Society Quarterly. Vol. 73, page 179.

12 Memorials, Vol. 11, page 227, item 2. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

13 Royal Grants, Vol. 8, page 298. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

14 Colonial Plats. Vol. 4 , page 429., item 02 South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

15 Memorials, Vol. 14, page 31, item 3. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

16 Hicks, Theresa M. 1998. South Carolina Indians, Indian Traders, and Other Ethnic Connections Beginning in 1670. Spartanburg: Peppercorn Publications and The Reprint Company. Pages 35-36.

17 Langley, Clara A. 1984. South Carolina Deed Abstracts 1719-1772. Vol. IV: 1767-1773, Books I-3 - E-4. Easely: Southern History Press. Page 230.

18 Memorials, Vol. 11, page 228, item 1. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

19 Culler, Daniel Marchant. 1995. Orangeburgh District 1768-1868: History and Records. Spartanburg: The Reprint Company.

20 Langley, Clara A. 1984. South Carolina Deed Abstracts 1719-1772. Vol. IV: 1767-1773, Books I-3 - E-4. Easely: Southern History Press. Page 236.

21 Colonial Plats, Vol. 15, page 102, item 1. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

22 Memorials, Vol. 11, page 515, item 2. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

23 Holcomb, Brent H. 1993. Charleston Deed Book M-4, pages 303-308. In "South Carolina Deed Abstracts 1773-1778: Books F-4 through X-4." Columbia: SCMar. Page 90.

24 Memorials, Vol. 11, page 515, item 2. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

25 Colonial Plats, Vol. 14, page 211, item 3. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

26 Memorials, Vol. 12, page 417, item 1. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

27 State Grants, Vol. 9, page 25. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

28 State Plats, Vol. 2, page 373. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

29 State Grants, Vol. 7, page 448. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

30 State Grants, Vol. 28, page 196. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

31 State Grants, Vol. 36, page 553. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

32 State Plats, Vol. 31, page 371. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

33 Judgment Rolls. 1797. Item 453A. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

34 Orangeburgh German-Swiss Newsletter. Vol. I: 57.

35 Giessendanner Records. In Salley, A.S., Jr. 1898. The History of Orangeburg County, South Carolina, from Its First Settlement to the Close of the Revolutionary War. Orangeburg, S.C.; reprinted Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, 1994. Page 127.

36 Giessendanner Records. In Salley, A.S., Jr. 1898. The History of Orangeburg County, South Carolina, from Its First Settlement to the Close of the Revolutionary War. Orangeburg, S.C.; reprinted Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, 1994. Page 138.

37 Orangeburgh German-Swiss Newsletter Vol. 1, page 101.

38 Judgement Rolls, 0151 02 025A 0036A 00. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

39 Colonial Plats. Vol. 4, page 429, item 2. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

40 Holcomb, Brent, H. 1996. Petitions for Land from the South Carolina Council Journals. Volume I: 1734/5-1748. Columbia: SCMAR. Page 309.

41 Waters, Margaret. 2002. A Preliminary Study of the colonial Landowners of Orangeburgh Township, SC, 1733-1749. Savannah GA: Margaret Waters.

42 Colonial Plats. Vol. 9, page 494, item 1. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

43 Colonial Plats. Vol. 11, page 562, item 1. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

44 Holcomb, Brent, H. 1998. Petitions for Land from the South Carolina Council Journals, Vol. IV: 1754-1756. Columbia: SCMAR. PAGE 31.

45 Holcomb, Brent, H. 1999. Petitions for Land from the South Carolina Council Journals, Vol. VI: 1766-1770. Columbia: SCMAR. PAGE 54.

46 SCDAH. Colonial Grants. Vol. 7. Page 202.

SCDAH. Colonial Plats. Vol. 9. Page 107.

SCDAH. Colonial Grants. Vol. 15. Page 117.

SCDAH. Colonial Memorials. Vol. 9. Page 411.

47 SCDAH. Colonial Memorials. Vol. 12. Page 63.

See also Colonial Plats Vol. 19, p.337; Colonial Grants Vol. 34, p. 532.

48 Colonial Plats. Vol. 6, page 360, item 2. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

49 Memorials, Vol. 7, page 174, item 1. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

50 Colonial Deeds. Vol. 2T0, page 164. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

Memorials. Vol. 12, page 63, item 1. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

51 Colonial Plats. Vol. 6, page 385, item 2. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

52 Memorials, Vol. 11, page 515, item 2. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

53 Holcomb, Brent H. 1993. Charleston Deed Book K-4, pages 360-365. In "South Carolina Deed Abstracts 1773-1778: Books F-4 through X-4." Columbia: SC Mar. Page 67.

54 Giessendanner Records. In Salley, A.S., Jr. 1898. The History of Orangeburg County, South Carolina, from Its First Settlement to the Close of the Revolutionary War, Orangeburg, S.C.; reprinted Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, 1994. Page 136.

55 Giessendanner Records. In Salley, A.S., Jr. 1898. The History of Orangeburg County, South Carolina, from Its First Settlement to the Close of the Revolutionary War, Orangeburg, S.C.; reprinted Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, 1994. Page 105.

56 “Petition of Citizens of Orangeburgh Township in behalf of Rev. John Giessendanner, 1749. The South Carolina Historical and Genealogical Magazine. January-April 1923. Vol. XXIV, No1. P. 50.

57 Giessendanner Records. In Salley, A.S., Jr. 1898. The History of Orangeburg County, South Carolina, from Its First Settlement to the Close of the Revolutionary War, Orangeburg, S.C.; reprinted Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, 1994. Page 124.

58 Giessendanner Records. In Salley, A.S., Jr. 1898. The History of Orangeburg County, South Carolina, from Its First Settlement to the Close of the Revolutionary War, Orangeburg, S.C.; reprinted Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, 1994. Page 151.

59 Giessendanner Records. In Salley, A.S., Jr. 1898. The History of Orangeburg County, South Carolina, from Its First Settlement to the Close of the Revolutionary War, Orangeburg, S.C.; reprinted Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, 1994. Page 169.

60 Giessendanner Records. In Salley, A.S., Jr. 1898. The History of Orangeburg County, South Carolina, from Its First Settlement to the Close of the Revolutionary War, Orangeburg, S.C.; reprinted Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, 1994. Page 125.

61 Giessendanner Records. In Salley, A.S., Jr. 1898. The History of Orangeburg County, South Carolina, from Its First Settlement to the Close of the Revolutionary War, Orangeburg, S.C.; reprinted Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, 1994. Page 127.

62 Giessendanner Records. In Salley, A.S., Jr. 1898. The History of Orangeburg County, South Carolina, from Its First Settlement to the Close of the Revolutionary War, Orangeburg, S.C.; reprinted Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, 1994. Page 133.

63 Giessendanner Records. In Salley, A.S., Jr. 1898. The History of Orangeburg County, South Carolina, from Its First Settlement to the Close of the Revolutionary War, Orangeburg, S.C.; reprinted Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, 1994. Page 142-143.

64 Giessendanner Records. In Salley, A.S., Jr. 1898. The History of Orangeburg County, South Carolina, from Its First Settlement to the Close of the Revolutionary War, Orangeburg, S.C.; reprinted Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, 1994. Page 170.

65 Giessendanner Records. In Salley, A.S., Jr. 1898. The History of Orangeburg County, South Carolina, from Its First Settlement to the Close of the Revolutionary War, Orangeburg, S.C.; reprinted Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, 1994. Page 173.

66 Giessendanner Records. In Salley, A.S., Jr. 1898. The History of Orangeburg County, South Carolina, from Its First Settlement to the Close of the Revolutionary War, Orangeburg, S.C.; reprinted Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, 1994. Page 184.

67 Clark, Murtie June. 1981. Loyalists in the Southern Campaign of the Revolutionary War. Vol. I: official Rolls of Loyalists Recruited from North and South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Mississippi, and Louisiana. (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, Inc.), 199, 207.

68 Giessendanner Records. In Salley, A.S., Jr. 1898. The History of Orangeburg County, South Carolina, from Its First Settlement to the Close of the Revolutionary War. Orangeburg, S.C.; reprinted Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, 1994. Page 107.

69 Continental Regiments 26 (Roll 16, M853). South Carolina Carolina Department of Archives and History.

70 Stub Indent T5, AA-3483. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

71 “1820 Petition of Persons in Orangeburgh Parish.” Spring 1984. OGS Newsletter. Vol. 1, No. 12. Page 57.

72 Moss, Bobby Gilmer. 1983. Roster of South Carolina Patriots in the American Revolution. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc.

73 Donald Ray "Chip" Dukes, Jr., Winnie Caroline Corbett Betsill, and Jefferson Morris Corbett. 1995. "The Dukes Family." Second Printing.

74 Clark, Murtie June. 1981. "Loyalists in the Southern Campaign of the Revolutionary War." Vol. I. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc. Page 171.

75 Colonial Memorials. Vol. 7, page 383, item 3. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

76 Charleston Deeds. Vol. 2YO, page 40. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

77 Culler, Daniel Marchant. 1995. Orangeburgh District 1768-1868: History and Records. Spartanburg: The Reprint Company.

78 William Walter Dukes, Jr., Family File, February 1997.

79 Carolina Herald. March 1990.

80 Giessendanner Records. In Salley, A.S., Jr. 1898. The History of Orangeburg County, South Carolina, from Its First Settlement to the Close of the Revolutionary War. Orangeburg, S.C.; reprinted Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, 1994. Page 155.

81 Giessendanner Records. In Salley, A.S., Jr. 1898. The History of Orangeburg County, South Carolina, from Its First Settlement to the Close of the Revolutionary War. Orangeburg, S.C.; reprinted Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, 1994. Page 175.

82 Giessendanner Records. In Salley, A.S., Jr. 1898. The History of Orangeburg County, South Carolina, from Its First Settlement to the Close of the Revolutionary War. Orangeburg, S.C.; reprinted Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, 1994. Page 189.

83 Holcomb, Brent H. 1993. Charleston Deed Book M-4, pages 303-308. In "South Carolina Deed Abstracts 1773-1778: Books F-4 through X-4." Columbia: SCMar. Page 90.

84 Charleston District Will Book Vol. 15, 1774-1779, p. 179. South Carolina Department of History and Archives.

85 Moore, Caroline T., compiler and editor. Records of the Secretary of the Province of South Carolina 1692- 1721. P. 82.

86 Moore, Caroline T., compiler and editor. Records of the Secretary of the Province of South Carolina 1692- 1721. Page 295.

87 Giessendanner Records. In Salley, A.S., Jr. 1898. The History of Orangeburg County, South Carolina, from Its First Settlement to the Close of the Revolutionary War. Orangeburg, S.C.; reprinted Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, 1994. Page 107.

88 Giessendanner Records. In Salley, A.S., Jr. 1898. The History of Orangeburg County, South Carolina, from Its First Settlement to the Close of the Revolutionary War. Orangeburg, S.C.; reprinted Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, 1994. Page 125.

89 Hendrix, Ge Lee Hendrix. The First Settlers on The North Fork of The Edisto River, S. C. The National Genealogical Society Quarterly. Vol. 73, page192.

90 Giessendanner Records. In Salley, A.S., Jr. 1898. The History of Orangeburg County, South Carolina, from Its First Settlement to the Close of the Revolutionary War. Orangeburg, S.C.; reprinted Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, 1994. Page 96.

91 SCDAH. Colonial Memorials. Vol. 2, Page 520.

92 Hendrix, Ge Lee Hendrix. The First Settlers on The North Fork of The Edisto River, S. C. The National Genealogical Society Quarterly. Vol. 73, page 179.

93 Hendrix, Ge Lee Hendrix. The First Settlers on The North Fork of The Edisto River, S. C. The National Genealogical Society Quarterly. Vol. 73, page 193.

94 Hendrix, Ge Lee Hendrix. The First Settlers on The North Fork of The Edisto River, S. C. The National Genealogical Society Quarterly. Vol. 73, page 191.

95 Giessendanner Records. In Salley, A.S., Jr. 1898. The History of Orangeburg County, South Carolina, from Its First Settlement to the Close of the Revolutionary War. Orangeburg, S.C.; reprinted Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, 1994. Page 94.

96 Giessendanner Records. In Salley, A.S., Jr. 1898. The History of Orangeburg County, South Carolina, from Its First Settlement to the Close of the Revolutionary War. Orangeburg, S.C.; reprinted Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, 1994. Page 125.

97 Giessendanner Records. In Salley, A.S., Jr. 1898. The History of Orangeburg County, South Carolina, from Its First Settlement to the Close of the Revolutionary War. Orangeburg, S.C.; reprinted Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, 1994. Page 113.

98 Charleston Deed Book T-3 Pp. 88-93. South Carolina Department of History and Archives.

99 South Carolina Magazine of Ancestral Research, Vol. V, Spring 1977(2):117.

100 Colonial Plats. Vol. 10, page 229. South Carolina Department of History and Archives.

101 Lancaster Co SC Deed Book A, pp. 231-232.

102 American Revolution Roster, Fort Sullivan (Later Fort Moultrie) 1776-1780, Battle of Fort Sullivan, Events Leading to First Decisive Vicotry. Charleston: Fort Sullivan Chapter Daughters of the American Revolution. Page 140.

103 American Revolution Roster, Fort Sullivan (Later Fort Moultrie) 1776-1780, Battle of Fort Sullivan, Events Leading to First Decisive Victory. Charleston: Fort Sullivan Chapter Daughters of the American Revolution. Page 140.

104 Donald Ray "Chip" Dukes, Jr., Winnie Caroline Corbett Betsill, and Jefferson Morris Corbett. 1995. "The Dukes Family." Second Printing.

105 The Smoak Family Manuscript Collection. Transcribed for the <Orangeburgh_sc-L@rootsweb.com> list 4 August 1997.

106 Orangeburgh German-Swiss Newsletter, Vol. I:115.

107 Ratcliff, Clarence E. 1984. North Carolina Taxpayers 1701-1786. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co. Page 8.

108 Hollowak, Thomas L. ed. 1981. Taylor of Southampton. Genealogies of Virginia Families from the Virginia Magazine of History and Biography. Vol. V: Randolph-Zouch. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc. Page 388.

109 Dobbs Co NC Grantor Index BOOK 2 Apr 1750-Apr 1754. P.3.

110 Dobbs Co NC Grantor Index BOOK 3 Apr 1754-Apr 1755. P.119.

111 Series Number: S213190. State Plats. Volume: 0010 Page: 00379. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

112 Series Number: 213190. State Plats. Volume: 0003. Page 00156. Item 1. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

113 Series Number 213190. State Plats. Volume 0003. Page 00158. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

114 Series Number 213190. State Plats. Volume 31. Page 00371. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

115 Hendrix, Ge Lee Hendrix. The First Settlers on The North Fork of The Edisto River, S. C. The National Genealogical Society Quarterly. Vol. 73, page 179.

116 Council Journal., Session of 4 May 1757. Vol. 26:80-88. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

117 Giessendanner Records. In Salley, A.S., Jr. 1898. The History of Orangeburg County, South Carolina, from Its First Settlement to the Close of the Revolutionary War, Orangeburg, S.C.; reprinted Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, 1994. Page 114.

118 Holcomb, Brent H. 1996. Petitions for Land from the South Carolina Council Journals. Vol. I: 1734/35-48. Columbia: SCMAR. Page 309.

119 Giessendanner Records. In Salley, A.S., Jr. 1898. The History of Orangeburg County, South Carolina, from Its First Settlement to the Close of the Revolutionary War. Orangeburg, S.C.; reprinted Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, 1994. Page 107.

120 Giessendanner Records. In Salley, A.S., Jr. 1898. The History of Orangeburg County, South Carolina, from Its First Settlement to the Close of the Revolutionary War. Orangeburg, S.C.; reprinted Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, 1994. Page114.

121 Charleston Deeds. Book FF, page 188. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

122 Giessendanner Records. In Salley, A.S., Jr. 1898. The History of Orangeburg County, South Carolina, from Its First Settlement to the Close of the Revolutionary War. Orangeburg, S.C.; reprinted Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, 1994. Page 132.

123 Charleston Deeds (Series S372001). Vol. 02EO. Page 00183. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

124 Moore, Caroline T., compiler and editor. Records of the Secretary of the Province of South Carolina 1692- 1721. P.296.

125 Langley, Clara A. 1983. South Carolina Deed Abstracts 1719-1772. Vol. I. Easley: Southern Historical Press, Inc. P.112.

126 Moore, Caroline T., compiler and editor. Records of the Secretary of the Province of South Carolina 1692- 1721. P 158-159.

127 Stokes, Joseph Jackson. 1995. Henry Stokes of Colleton County, South Carolina: His Ancestry and Descendants. Atlanta.

128 Webber, Mabel L. 1925. Abstracts from an Old Account Book of Georgetown District. The South Carolina Historical and Genealogical Magazine. Vol. XXVI: 151-157).

129 Hicks, Theresa M. 1998. South Carolina Indians, Indian Traders, and Other Ethnic Connections Beginning in 1670. Spartanburg: Peppercorn Publications and The Reprint Company. Pages 35-36.

130 Colonial Plats, Vol. 6, page 307, Item 1. South Carolina Department of Archives and History.

131 Wright, David McCord. 1961. Petitioners to the Crown against the Proprietors, 1716-1717. South Carolina Historical Magazine Vol. LXII (2): 89.

132 McCrady, Edward. 1969. The History of South Carolina under the Royal Government 1719-1776. New York: Russell & Russell.

133 Giessendanner Records. In Salley, A.S., Jr. 1898. The History of Orangeburg County, South Carolina, from Its First Settlement to the Close of the Revolutionary War. Orangeburg, S.C.; reprinted Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, Maryland, 1994. Page110.

134 Weir, Robert M. 1969. Muster Rolls of the South Carolina Granville and Colleton County Regiments of Militia, 1756. The South Carolina Historical Magazine. Vol. 70 (4): 238.

135 Zimmie Dantzler Plats. Orangeburgh German-Swiss Newsletter. Vol. I: 120.

136 Jervey, Elizabeth H. 1942. Abstracts from Records of Court of Ordinary 1764-1771. South Carolina Historical and Genealogical Magazine. Vol. XLIII (4): 243.

137 Moore, Caroline T. ed. 1974. Abstracts of Wills of Charleston District South Carolina and other Wills Recorded in the District 1783-1800. Columbia: R.L. Bryan Co. Page 174.

138 May, W. E., R.N. 1969. Capt. Charles Hardy on the Carolina Station, 1742-1744. South Carolina Historical Magazine. Vol. 70 (1): 3.

139 Holcomb, Brent H. 1980. South Carolina Marriages 1688-1799. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company.

140 Salley, A.S.Jr. Jan 1909. Abstracts from Records the Court of Ordinary. South Carolina Historical and Genealogical Magazine Vol. X (1): 88.

141 Gourdin, Virginia. 1986. “Madeleine Chardon of Tours, Touraine, and her Family,” Transactions of the Huguenot Society of South Carolina, No. 91.

142 Moore, Caroline T., compiler and editor. Records of the Secretary of the Province of South Carolina 1692- 1721. Columbia: SCMAR. P. 142.

143 Gourdin, Virginia. 1986. “Madeleine Chardon of Tours, Touraine, and her Family,” Transactions of the Huguenot Society of South Carolina, No. 91.

144 Moore, Caroline T. 1978. Records of the Secretary of the Province of South Carolina 1692-1721. Columbia: SCMAR. Page 242.

145 Moore, Caroline T. 1978. Records of the Secretary of the Province of South Carolina 1692-1721. Columbia: SCMAR. Page 300.

146 Moore, Caroline T. 1978. Records of the Secretary of the Province of South Carolina 1692-1721. Columbia: SCMAR. Page 303-304.

147 Moore, Caroline T. 1978. Records of the Secretary of the Province of South Carolina 1692-1721. Columbia: SCMAR. Page 328-329.

148 Holcomb, Brent H. 1999. Petitions for Land from the South Carolina Council Journals: Vol. VI: 1766-1770. Columbia: SCMAR. P. 67.

149 Meriwether, Robert Lee. 1974. The Expansion of South Carolina, 1729-1765. Philadelphia: Procupine Press. Page 43.

150 Smith, Henry A. M. 1928. Goose Creek. The South Carolina Historical and Genealogical Magazine. Vol. XXIX (1): 7.