The fourth link of the chain, justification, though it is an entirely different action of God toward the elect, occurs simultaneously with effectual calling, or the New Birth. God's elect are justified through faith in Christ, at exactly the same time they are effectually called and given new hearts by being born again.

"Whom He called, them He also justified." What does it mean to be "justified"? In the New Testament, justification is a legal or forensic term which is used to describe the judicial act of God whereby He legally declares as perfectly righteous the guilty sinner who believes and trusts in the Lord Jesus Christ. Justification is a free gift of God to guilty sinners, and has its source entirely in the sovereign, free grace of God (Romans 3:24; Titus 3:7), and its ground or basis is the Substitutionary work of our Lord and Saviour, Jesus Christ.

My dear friend, from a legal or judicial standpoint, poor sinners like you and I have two desperate needs before we can ever hope to be accepted and received into the favor and blessings of a holy and just God:

(1) We stand guilty and condemned before God, having broken His holy law (Romans 3:19-20; Galatians 3:10), and incurred His wrath (Romans 1:18), and therefore need forgiveness and pardon; and

(2) we are absolutely destitute of any righteousness that God will accept (Romans 3:10); all our so-called righteousnesses are as filthy rags before Him (Isaiah 64:6), and therefore we have need of a perfect righteousness, for the holy God of the Bible will accept nothing less than that.

The good news of the Gospel is that God the Father, through the Person and redemptive work of God the Son, has freely provided both of these for those who believe and trust in the Lord Jesus Christ, who is Himself "God manifest in the flesh" (1 Timothy 3:16)! Since we are totally unable to justify ourselves before God, God in His great wisdom and mercy devised a plan whereby He can legally and righteously justify, or declare righteous, all those who believe and trust in the Person and work of His blessed Son. Therefore, the Scripture says, "It is GOD that justifieth" (Romans 8:33). How, then, can God, consistent with His own justice and holy Law, declare guilty sinners as legally righteous? How is it that God is able "to declare, I say, at this time His righteousness: that He might be JUST, and the JUSTIFIER of him which believeth in Jesus" (Romans 3:26)?

(1) FORGIVENESS AND PARDON FOR GUILTY SINNERS

According to human laws, the Governor of a State may arbitrarily pardon a criminal who is guilty of a capital crime and set him free from the death sentence if he chooses to do so. This would be mercy exercised toward the offender, without satisfaction to justice and the law, which calls for the execution of the criminal. In such a case, we would say that the criminal received mercy, but certainly not justice. The criminal was set free, but justice, in this case, was violated.

However, God, who is infinitely pure and holy, does not govern as man governs. He cannot and will not arbitrarily pardon a sinner without satisfaction to His own justice and the demands of His own Law. He has declared that He "will by no means clear the guilty" (Exodus 34:7), and, "CURSED is every one that continueth not in ALL THINGS which are written in the book of the Law to do them" (Galatians 3:10). The requirements of the Law of God must be perfectly met and satisfied by all those who are under it, which is the entire human race; otherwise, the curse demanded by the Law must be executed, which is eternal banishment from the presence and loving favor and blessing of God, and punishment forever in the Lake of Fire. In the light of God's pure holiness and justice, every sin must and shall be punished, either in the person of the offender, or in the Person of the God-appointed Substitute.

In the triune God's great plan of redemption, God the Son undertook to do in time all that was necessary to justify all those whom God the Father had elected, or chosen in eternity, before the foundation of the world. This aspect of God's "Blueprint of Grace" is stated clearly in Galatians 4:4-5, "But when the fulness of the time was come, God sent forth His Son, made of a woman, made under the Law, to redeem them that were under the Law, that we might receive the adoption of sons." The express mission of the God the Son was to fulfill God the Father's eternal purpose of grace by coming into the world as the virgin-born Son of God, "God manifest in the flesh" (1 Timothy 3:16), in order that He might justify, redeem, and deliver all His chosen people from their sins, according to Matthew 1:21, "And she shall bring forth a Son, and thou shalt call His name Jesus: for He shall save His people from their sins." From the very moment of His conception in the womb of the virgin, Christ became the Divine Substitute for His chosen people. He was born under the Law of God that He might fulfill it perfectly in their behalf, so that a perfect righteousness could be provided for them. We will study this aspect of justification next, but for the moment we want to concentrate our thoughts on that aspect of justification which refers to the pardon and forgiveness of guilty sinners based upon the substitutionary blood-shedding of the Lord Jesus Christ on Calvary's cross. We seek now to grasp and understand the great eternal truth set forth in Romans 5:9, "Much more then, being now JUSTIFIED BY HIS BLOOD, we shall be saved from wrath through Him."

Christ, because He is the eternal Son of God, "God manifested in the flesh" (1 Timothy 3:16), had "the power of an endless life" (Hebrews 7:16); no created being had the power to take His life from Him -- "No man taketh it (life) from Me, but I lay it down of Myself, that I might take it again. This commandment have I received of My Father" (John 10:18). Christ "endured the cross, and despised the shame" for the "JOY that was set before Him" (Hebrews 12:2). He voluntarily and willingly submitted Himself to be taken by the hands of wicked men and crucified, in order for Him to bear the sins of His people in substitution before God the Father, that He might justify and save them! Our Lord was not passive in the surrender of His life, but was active in purposely laying down His life for His chosen people (John 15:13)! Rather than merely submitting to death, Christ actually looked forward to it, viewing His own substitutionary death on the cross as something to be accomplished (Luke 9:31; 12:50). My friend, the Lord Jesus went voluntarily and willingly to the cross, because His heart was filled with compassion and love for sinners like us -- He loved us so much that He was willing to lay down His own life in order to save us! "By this know we the love of God, because He laid down His life for us" (1 John 3:16); "God commendeth His love toward us, in that, while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us" (Romans 5:8). Oh, the greatness of the Saviour's love for sinners!

How does Christ's voluntary surrender of His life and blood-shedding upon the cross of Calvary make it possible for God to justify guilty sinners, freely forgiving and pardoning them, yet still be consistent with His justice and holiness as expressed in His holy Law, which demands satisfaction? The answer is found in Galatians 3:13, "Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the Law, being made a curse for us: for it is written, Cursed is every one that hangeth on a tree." The same truth is clearly set forth in 2 Corinthians 5:21, "For He (God the Father) hath made Him (Christ) to be sin for us, that we might be made the righteousness of God in Him." The Lord Jesus became our Substitute, and "bore our sins in His own body on the tree" (1 Peter 2:24). He was made to be what we are -- SIN, that we might be made to be what He is -- RIGHTEOUS! What anguish of soul He must have suffered when the full stroke of the wrath and judgment of the Holy Father fell upon Him as our Substitute, which brought forth this cry from His lips, "My God, my God, why hast Thou forsaken Me?" (Matthew 27:46) When God the Father imputed all of our sins to Christ, then hid His face from Him, left Him forsaken to suffer the penalty that we deserved, Christ drank the cup of damnation dry, even to its bitterest dregs. He swallowed up the wrath of God in our behalf when He took all the sins of His people -- past, present, and future -- and was punished for them all, there and then, that we might never be punished! He suffered, in those hours of dreadful agony of soul and blood-shedding, what you and I deserve to suffer throughout eternity as lost sinners under the wrath of a holy God! What grace and what mercy from the very heart of the Son of God for such sinners as we are!

In a sermon on Christ's sufferings and death, Charles Spurgeon, the famous English Baptist preacher of the 19th century, made these comments:

"All Hell was distilled in that cup, of which our God and Saviour Jesus Christ was made to drink. It was not eternal suffering, but since He was Divine, He could, in a short time, offer unto God (the Father) a vindication of His justice which sinners in Hell could not have offered had they been left to suffer in their own persons forever."

The resurrection of Christ from the grave is proof that God the Father has accepted the Substitutionary Sacrifice of His beloved Son in behalf of His chosen people, according to Romans 4:25, speaking of Christ, "Who was delivered for our offenses, and was raised again for our justification," and also according to Romans 6:4, that "Christ was raised up from the dead by the glory of the Father..." The resurrection and exaltation of our blessed Lord is proof that every believer is "justified by His blood" (Romans 5:9), and that if we are trusting in Him, all of our sins -- past, present, and future -- are cancelled, pardoned, forgiven, and blotted out forever by the blood of the Crucified One! When we come to the crucified, risen and exalted Lord Jesus as lost, guilty sinners, acknowledging our guilt, and gratefully receiving Him by faith as our Lord and Saviour, we find that He has reconciled us to God, and that God's wrath against us for our sins is fully expended and satisfied in the depths of His great love manifested in the Substitutionary sacrifice of our blessed Lord in our behalf. All our guilt disappears, and God reveals to us His love, receiving us as sons. "Behold, what manner of love the Father hath bestowed upon us, that we should be called the children of God!" (1 John 3:1). Hallelujah, what a Saviour!

(2) A PERFECT RIGHTEOUSNESS FOR GUILTY SINNERS

The Lord Jesus not only offered Himself up to the Father as a substitutionary sacrifice in behalf of His people, He also lived a perfect life under the holy Law of God in their behalf. He not only secured a pardon and forgiveness of sin for us by His substitutionary death -- He also secured for us a perfect righteousness by His life. What we could not do for ourselves because we are now sinners fallen in Adam, the Lord Jesus Christ, the blessed Son of God, undertook to do for us. In order that God might be just in the saving and justifying of the ungodly (Romans 3:26; 4:5), Christ, though He existed eternally in the form of God, and therefore thought it not robbery to be equal with God, took upon Himself the form of a Servant, by taking unto Himself human nature (Philippians 2:5-7; John 1:1,14). In that human nature the Lord Jesus obeyed perfectly, thereby fulfilling the whole moral Law in behalf of those He justifies. Because He is God and man in one Person, He wrought out a full, perfect and sufficient righteousness for all those who should put their trust in Him.

My friend, the Holy Scriptures plainly declare this wonderful truth! In Romans 3:21-22, we find these words, "But now the righteousness of God without the law is manifested, being witnessed by the law and the prophets, even the righteousness of God which is by faith in Jesus Christ UNTO ALL and UPON ALL them that believe." It is brought out again in Romans 5:19, where theApostle Paul is comparing the disobedience of Adam to the obedience of Christ: "As by one man's (Adam's) disobedience many were made sinners, so by the obedience of One (Christ), shall many be made righteous." And Paul tells us in Philippians 3:8-9 that he has counted everything but loss that he may be "found in Christ, not having mine own righteousness, which is of the Law, but that which is through faith in Christ, the righteousness which is of God by faith." And we are told in Romans 4:3 that "Abraham believed God, and it was counted unto him for righteousness." The Greek word used here for "counted" means "to put to one's account." Now it is evident from I Corinthians 1:30 that this righteousness which is put to the account of every believer is the righteousness of the Lord Jesus Christ -- "But of Him (God) are ye in Christ Jesus, who of God is made unto us, wisdom, and RIGHTEOUSNESS, and sanctification, and redemption."

Yes, "It is God that justifieth!" and I praise the Lord that it is so! God the Father clothes the repenting sinner who trusts in the Lord Jesus with the "Robe of Righteousness" (Isaiah 61:10), which is nothing less than the spotless righteousness of the Lord Jesus Christ. What a wonder of the sovereign grace and mercy of God that He would, before the foundation of the world, choose lost, guilty, Hell-deserving sinners from among Adam's fallen race, and predestine them to be conformed to the image of His Son -- and then in time give those spiritually dead rebels the life-giving effectual call, lead them to repentance and faith in the Lord Jesus Christ, and then justify them by clothing them in the righteousness of His own dear Son! It is a great and marvelous mystery to me that the righteousness of One who is now enthroned in Heaven as sovereign Lord over all creation, the God-Man Who still bears the scars of Calvary upon Him, should justify me, a sinner, on earth!

Now, my friend, whose righteousness are you trusting in to get you to Heaven? If you are trusting in your own works and deeds for salvation, you are like those Jews the Apostle Paul speaks of in Romans 10:3 -- "For they, being ignorant of God's righteousness, and going about to establish their own righteousness, have not submitted themselves unto the righteousness of God. For CHRIST is the end of the Law for righteousness to everyone that believeth." If you are attempting to justify yourself before God by your own supposed righteousness, you are despising the "Gift of Righteousness" (Romans 5:17) which God has provided for you, and defying Him to His face by refusing to submit to His righteousness. Are you, my friend, trusting wholly and completely in the crucified, risen, exalted Lord Jesus Christ for your salvation? If you are, then you can say, in the words of that old hymn, "My hope is built on nothing less than Jesus' blood and righteousness!" If so, you are resting upon a solid foundation, for He is the Rock of Ages, solid and unmovable -- all other ground is sinking sand!

(5) The Link of Glorification

"Moreover, whom He did predestinate, them He also called: and whom He called, them He also justified: and whom He justified, THEM HE ALSO GLORIFIED."

As we come to study the fifth link of this wonderful "Chain of Grace," we are carried in thought by the Apostle Paul into the realm of the future, when the final stage of God's eternal purpose for His chosen people will be consummated and perfected. As we have stressed repeatedly, this chain of grace cannot be broken! Every one of God's people -- foreknown, chosen and predestined before the foundation of the world -- are effectually called in time by the power of God in the new birth, when God also justifies them by granting them repentance toward God and faith in the Lord Jesus Christ. The God of absolute sovereignty has predestined His chosen people to be conformed to the image of His beloved Son, and His eternal purpose cannot and will not fail (Isaiah 14:24,27; 46:9-11; Ephesians 1:11)!

To be "glorified," then, means to be perfectly conformed to the image of the Lord Jesus Christ, and comprehends a miraculous transformation of both BODY and SPIRIT into His glorious image. This transformation will take place for all believers at the glorious return of Christ from Heaven, according to Philippians 3:20-21, "For our citizenship is in Heaven, from which we also eagerly wait for the Saviour, the Lord Jesus Christ, who will transform our lowly body that it may be conformed to His glorious body, according to the working by which He is able to subdue all things to Himself." When our blessed Lord returns, the bodies of believers who have died will be resurrected from the grave and reunited to their spirits, and believers who are alive upon the earth when our Lord returns will not experience death, but will experience this miraculous transformation by being raptured, or caught up to meet the Lord Jesus in the air, according to 1 Thessalonians 4:16-17, "For the Lord Himself will descend from Heaven with a shout, with the voice of an archangel, and with the trumpet of God. And the dead in Christ will rise first. Then we who are alive and remain shall be caught up together with them to meet the Lord in the air. And thus we shall always be with the Lord." The Apostle Paul gives another thrilling and exciting description of this wonderful transformation of living believers and the resurrection of believers who have died, in 1 Corinthians chapter 15. I urge you to read the entire chapter, but we will only quote a portion of it here:

"And as we have borne the image of the earthy, we shall also bear the image of the heavenly. Now this I say, brethren, that flesh and blood cannot inherit the kingdom of God; neither doth corruption inherit incorruption. Behold, I show you a mystery; We shall not all sleep, but we shall all be changed, in a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trump: for the trumpet shall sound, and the dead shall be raised incorruptible, and we shall be changed. For this corruptible must put on incorruption, and this mortal must put on immortality. So when this corruptible shall have put on incorruption, and this mortal shall have put on immortality, then shall be brought to pass the saying that is written, Death is swallowed up in victory. O death, where is thy sting? O grave, where is thy victory?"

What a wonderful day that will be when all of God's chosen people, His elect, will experience this final stage of "God's Remedy," this consummation of His eternal purpose for them! According to Titus 2:13, our Lord's return from Heaven is the "blessed hope" of every child of God! Paul expressed the eagerness of every believer for this climactic event, in Romans 8:23, "...we also who have the firstfruits of the Spirit, even we ourselves groan within ourselves, eagerly waiting for the adoption, the redemption of the body."

Up to this point, we have focused our attention primarily upon the bodily transformation which will take place in the glorification of God's people at our Lord's return. However, an equally important aspect of glorification is the transformation of the soul, or the spirit, of every born again believer. Not only are we predestined to bear His bodily image in the resurrection of the body, but we are also predestined to bear His moral and spiritual image! And the most amazing thing is that this moral and spiritual transformation is a process that begins to take place now in this life (2 Corinthians 3:18; Colossians 3:5-10; Hebrews 12:14; Philippians 2:12-13). This process is called sanctification. Though it is a progressive work of the Holy Spirit in the heart and life of every child of God, it is gradual and imperfect in this life, but will be consummated suddenly and perfectly in glorification in the life which is to come.

For believers who are still living on the earth at the coming of the Lord Jesus Christ from Heaven, both aspects of glorification will be instantaneous as they are caught up to meet the Lord in the air. They will be perfectly and gloriously transformed by the power of God into both the moral and bodily image of the Lord Jesus Christ in the rapture. The Apostle John seems to teach that it is the sight of King Jesus in His majestic glory as He descends from Heaven that will accomplish this glorification, this amazing transformation of living believers in the rapture. Listen to 1 John 3:2, "Beloved, now are we the sons of God, and it doth not yet appear what we shall be: but we know that, when He shall appear, we shall be like Him, for we shall SEE HIM as He is."

For believers who die before the glorious coming of the Lord Jesus Christ, glorification takes place in 2 stages. The first stage takes place at the moment of death, when the believer's disembodied spirit passes immediately from this earth into the very presence of God in Heaven. To be absent from the body is to be present with the Lord, according to 2 Corinthians 5:8. At that exact moment, believers are made perfect in holiness, because to be present with Christ in His state of glory in Heaven is inconsistent with any of the defilements of sin. Therefore, the spirits of all departed believers are "the spirits of just men made perfect," according to Hebrews 12:23! Then will be fulfilled the answer to the longing cry of every true believer, as expressed by Paul in Romans 7:24, "O wretched man that I am! Who shall deliver me from the body of this death?" It will be a time of great rejoicing, because it will be a total and complete deliverance from the sin that still dwells within us! Though they are then perfectly conformed to the moral image of Christ, departed believers yet await the second stage of glorification, that future event when their spirits shall be reunited to their bodies in the resurrection, when they accompany the Lord Jesus in His return from Heaven (1 Thess. 4:13-18). As we have already seen, the resurrection bodies of believers will be exactly like the glorious perfect resurrection body of the Lord Jesus Christ!

In conclusion, we see that in this unbreakable "Chain of Grace," the last link, glorification, is the final goal of "God's Remedy," the planned and predestined goal of the triune God for all those "whom He foreknew," those who are the objects of His sovereign, electing grace and mercy. This Remedy which God the Son has secured for His people was planned by God the Father before the creation of the universe (2 Timothy 1:9), is executed and applied by God the Holy Spirit to the elect in time, and in its final stage, comprehends not only a total and complete deliverance from sin, but from all the consequences of sin as well. In glorification, death itself is destroyed (1 Corinthians 15:52-58), and for each of the elect, the whole person is redeemed in both body and spirit, being perfectly conformed to the image of the risen, exalted, and glorified Lord Jesus. When this final redemptive work of the triune God is fully consummated in the future at our Lord's return, our God and Saviour Jesus Christ will present the church to Himself "a glorious church, not having spot or wrinkle, or any such thing; but that it should be holy and without blemish" (Ephesians 5:27). Hallelujah, what a Saviour!