.....ALLOWABLE PLEADINGS & STATE-FEDERAL TERMINOLOGY
........Hypo: Three-car collision. C's car, hits B's car into A's car. A = Plaintiff.
.............(aka Why you must know federal terminology for all jurisdictions)
 .....Four Types of Complaint ...........Federal Terminology  ..Representative State Term (CA)
................A v. B & C
.[B/C Response=Answer/Motion]
...................Complaint ...................Complaint
........B v. A (Accid = A's fault)
...[A Response=Answer/Motion]
.................Counterclaim   
........B v. C (Shift all/part fault)
...[C Response=Answer/Motion]
.................Cross-Claim   
...Change: A v. B only & B v. C
...[C Response=Answer/Motion]
..(A not sue C, but A may amend)
.............Third-Party Claim
...(B = only orig D & B = TPC P)