Prominent Armigerous Scientists and Inventors, in Chronological Order :

WARNING : We are only presenting the heraldry  associated with  famous scientists and thinkers.  In a few cases, such armorial bearings are either family arms or  components  which appear in the arms of others  as if  the illustrious individual had borne them.  For James Clerk Maxwell or James Watt, the best evidence (yet) of an association with the arms featured here is the quartering of these arms by other family members...  Another example is "Sable a sun Or", which is an unambiguous heraldic reference to St. Thomas Aquinas in the arms of a number of institutions or individuals, although Thomas apparently never sported any arms himself. 

A  white background   indicates entries based on insufficient evidence.  The graphic renditions of some coats-of-arms (Gutenberg, Paracelsus, Bernoulli, etc.) are based on ambiguous blazons and may thus not be completely accurate...  This is very much a work in progress, and all your suggestions are welcome!

Remarks:

Our Fibonacci coat-of-arms is probably incorrect, since it is solely based on a modern description of the arms of a family bearing the Bonacci surname...  The arms given for Roger Bacon are those of another 13th century individual related to the famous nobleman-turned-friar.
 
For Saint Thomas Aquinas, the uncertainty is of a different nature since "Sable, a sun Or" is an unambiguous heraldic reference to the saint, especially within the arms of institutions named after him  [ 1 | 2 | Pell ].  However, there does not seem to be any direct evidence that Thomas himself used the symbol and/or the corresponding arms.  He was from the high nobility, but probably never bore the Aquino arms (the original arms were apparently "Or 3 bends Gules" and were later quartered with "per fess Gules and Argent, a lion rampant counterchanged").
 
Nicole Oresme probably bore the shield at left when he became bishop of Lisieux.  This was once also the shield of the city whose tinctures were changed so a chief of France could be added.
 
The ancient arms of the da Vinci family from Tuscany are well-known, and the fact that Leonardo was an illegitimate child may not have prevented him from using them in some way, although we have no evidence that he ever did.  Similarly, the arms listed for René Descartes are those of his family, which he may or may not have borne, according to the French usage of his day...
 
In Scotland however, the right to bear arms is rigorously regulated:  The arms at left are the ancient arms of Lord Maxwell, chief of the Clan Maxwell  (there has been no recognized chiefs since 1863, and the last ones bore more complex arms).  The physicist James Clerk Maxwell would not have been allowed to bear the Maxwell shield without some mark of difference, although he was entitled to the Clan's badge and could wear the Maxwell tartan.  The arms shown at right are most probably the unregistered arms which the Maxwells of Middlebie bore before 1672  (when registration with the Lyon Office became compulsory).  The branch was revived by James' father, John Clerk Maxwell, who assumed the Maxwell name on inheriting Middlebie  (shortly after the birth of his only child).  [read more]
 
To view the tartans of Scottish scientists  [Napier, Stirling, Watt, Clerk Maxwell, Thomson/Kelvin]  click the tartan icons next to their names  (  ).

Roll of Arms
(A few institutions and non-armigerous scientists are also listed.)

A blank shield indicates arms not yet drawn, the question mark is for unknown arms.
A  white background   highlights entries about which we still have serious reservations...
Click on a shield for a larger picture, or a webpage with more details (if available).

	Robert [Copley] Grosseteste (1168-1253)   [ Proponent of the  scientific method, bishop of Lincoln (1235-1253) and revered teacher of Roger Bacon at Oxford ] Argent, a cross moline quarter-pierced Sable.   (Parker, Papworth)
	Leonardo Pisano "Bigollo" Fibonacci (1170-1250) [Bonacci family?] Per pale Gules and Azure, a lion rampant Argent?
	Saint Albert the Great (1205-1280)   [Albertus Magnus | Albrecht von Bollstädt] De gueules, à une corne de buffle d'argent ornée  [à sénestre] le long du dos de trois fleurs de lis d'or.   (Rietstap, for "Bolstat")
	Roger Bacon (1214-1294)   [Doctor Mirabilis | Friar from Somerset] Gules, six roses Argent seeded Or.   [Armorial Wijnbergen]
	Saint Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274)   [youngest (8th) son of Landolfo of Aquino] Sable, a sun Or?  [1471 painting by Benozzo Gozzoli, now in the Louvre, Paris]
	Nicole Oresme (1323-1382)   [Bishop of Lisieux, 1377-1382] Dedans le champ d'azur, deux clefs d'argent et quatre estoiles d'or.   [Lisieux]
	Johannes Gensfleisch Gutenberg (1400-1468)     Gules, a beggar cloaked and hooded, holding a begging bowl dexter and a walking stick sinister, all Proper.
	Nikolaus von Kues (1401-1464)  Nicholas of Cusa, Nicolaus Cusanus. Or, a crayfish palewise Gules.  [Crest:  A cardinal's hat Proper.]
	Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)     [ escutcheon  |  coat of arms ] Or, three pallets Gules.   [da Vinci, Tuscany]
	Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543)   né  Mikolaj Kopernik (or Koppernigk) Canon of Frauenburg Cathedral (Frombork), from 1497 on.  This is his housemark. He is unrelated to the Koperni family from Sandomierz, who bore Jastrzebiec arms.
	Adam Ries (1492-1559)   German arithmetician.   [ Iconography ] A saltire couped between the numerals 4, 2, 2 and 4.   [ 2 plus 2 is 4; 2 times 2 is 4 ]
	Paracelsus (1493-1541)     Argent, on an inescutcheon Or between eight crosses [formy?] couped in orle Azure, a bend sinister of the last, charged with three plates.
	Oronce Finé de Brianville (1494-1555)   [ Orontius Finaeus ] D'azur, au chevron d'or accompagné de trois molettes à six pointes du mesme. [Un casque avec lambrequins. —Rietstap ]   French mathematician & cartographer.
	Girolamo Cardano (1501-1576)  [Cardani of Milan, from Cardano near Gallarate] Or, a castle triple towered Gules, port and windows of the field and the middle tower Sable, under a Capo dell'Impero cucito.
	Vieta; François Viète / Viette (1540-1603)   D'argent, au chevron d'azur, accosté de six étoiles, accompagné en chef d'un soleil et en pointe d'un lis de jardin arrosé par une main dextre issant d'une nuée à senestre du chevron.
	Sir William Gilbert of Colchester (1544-1603);  William Gilberd or Gylberde Gules, an eagle displayed Or.   [ granted by Elizabeth I, in 1577  |  Gilberd School ]
	Tycho Brahe (1546-1601)     [tychobrahe.com] Sable, a pale Argent.  [Crest:  Two buffalo horns Sable, each with a fess Argent.]
	John Napier, 8th Laird of Merchiston (1550-1617)   Argent, a saltire engrailed Gules between four roses of the same, seeded and slipped Vert.   [ *logarithms ]
	Sir Francis Bacon (1561-1626)   [Mediocria Firma = The solid middle way] Quarterly; [1 & 4] Gules, on a chief Argent two mullets Sable; [2 & 3] Barry of six Or and Azure, a bend Gules.  [5] Overall, a small crescent Argent in heart.
	Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) Or, a ladder of three rungs palewise Gules.
	Johannes Kepler (1571-1630) Per fess Or and Azure, a demi angel winged Or and garbed Gules in chief.
	Jan Baptista van Helmont (1577-1644) D'azur, à trois casques d'or, tarés de trois-quarts.
	William Harvey (1578-1657)   English physician D'or, au chef denté de sable, chargé de trois croissants d'argent.
	Willebrord Snell van Roijen (1581-1626)   Dutch.  [Law of refraction, 1621] Gules, three roses Argent  (arms of today's HNLMS Snellius of the Dutch Navy).
	Pierre Gassendi (1592-1655) D'azur, à un dauphin d'argent, au chef d'or chargé de trois serres d'aigle de sable.   (Rietstap)
	Wilhelm Schickard (1592-1635)   German.  [Mechanical calculator, 1623] Gules, a lion Or holding in its forepaws an arrow Argent.
	René Descartes (1596-1650) [Descartes de Chavaigne, 1611]   Argent a saltire Sable between four palms Vert.
	Pierre de Fermat (1601-1665)   [ born in Beaumont-de-Lomagne ] Gules, a chevron Or between 3 alerions Argent, on a chief Azure 3 mullets Or.
	Blaise Pascal (1623-1662)     Azure, a paschal lamb Argent holding a pennon of the same thereon a cross Gules, and in chief dexter a mullet Or.
	I     Jean-Dominique Cassini (1625-1712) II    Jacques Cassini (1677-1756) III   César-François Cassini de Thury (1714-1784) IV   Jacques-Dominique, comte de Cassini (1748-1845) Or, a fess between 6 mullets Azure.   (Rietstap)
	Robert Boyle (1627-1691)   [Sir Richard Boyle's 5th or 7th son] Paternal Arms :   Per bend embattled Argent and Gules.     [ *gas law ]
	Christiaan Huygens (1629-1695)   [second son of Sir Constantijn Huygens] D'argent, à deux pals d'azur.  (Rietstap; Huygens van Zuylichem, ancient)
	Isaac Barrow (1630-1677)   First Lucasian professor, at Cambridge. Gules, on a chief Argent, three lion's heads erased Sable.   (BGA) [Crest:  An ostrich's head erased Argent holding in the beak a key Or.]
	Sir Christopher Wren (1632-1723)     Argent, a chevron between 3 lions' heads erased Azure langued Gules, on a chief of the last, 3 crosses crosslet Or.
	Niels Stensen [Stenson or Steensen]   Nicolaus Steno (1638-1686) Or, a heart Gules crowned by a cross Vert.   [ Nicolai Stenonis | Stenon ] (The Danish scientist Nicolaus Steno (1638-1686) was beatified in 1988.)
	Nicolas Malebranche (1638-1715)   Azure, 3 ouroboros Argent. [Maternal arms] Youngest [sickly] child of Nicolas Malebranche (secretary to King Louis XIII) and Catherine, sister of Jean de Lauzon (1583-1666) 4th governor of Canada.
	Sir Isaac Newton (1643-1727)     [ First scientist to be knighted, in 1705. ] Sable, two shinbones in saltire Argent  (the dexter surmounted of the sinister).
	Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz (1646-1716)   [tinctures unknown] Quarterly, [1&4] a lion rampant; [2&3] a stock [chicot] in bend sinister.
	Maria Sibylla Merian (1647-1717)   Naturalist, entomologist, scientific illustrator Azure, a stork contourny holding a serpent in its beak, all Proper.
	The [National] German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina (1652- ) Azure, a ring Or entwined with two serpents Argent facing an open book Proper between them, above the ring.   Motto:  Nunquam Otiosus  (Never Idle).
	Jakob Bernoulli (1655-1705)   [brother of Joahnn, uncle of Daniel] Argent, three branches of 7 [sometimes 9] leaves in pairle Vert.
	The Royal Society of London (1660- )   [Motto:  Nullius in verba ] Argent, on a quarter Gules, the three lions of England in pale Or.
	Guillaume de l'Hospital, Marquis de Sainte-Mesme (1661-1704) [Rule of...] De gueules au coq d'argent crêté, membré et becqué d'or, accompagné à senestre du chef d'un petit écusson d'azur chargé d'une fleur-de-lis d'or.
	Christopher Polhem (1661-1751)  Swedish [né Polhammar, knighted in 1716]
	Académie des sciences (1666- )   [now within the Institut de France] Une minerve casquée.  Motto :  Invenit et Perficit.   [ Regia Scientiar Academia ]
French Botanists	Antoine de Jussieu (1686-1758) Bernard de Jussieu (1699-1777) Joseph de Jussieu (1704-1779) Antoine-Laurent de Jussieu (1748-1836)   [nephew of the above 3 brothers] Adrien de Jussieu (1797-1853)   [son of the above] D'azur, à une tour d'argent.   (Rietstap: Jussieu de Montluel)
	René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur (1683-1757)   French scientist. Argent, a lion rampant Vert, armed and langued Gules.
	Emanuel Swedenborg (1688-1772)   Per pale; [1] Gules, two keys in saltire between two bendlets sinister Argent; [2] Or, a volcano ablaze Proper with an arrow Argent bendwise in base. Overall on a chief Azure, a bishop's mitre Or, between two mullets Argent.
	James Stirling "The Venetian" (1692-1770)     [Stirling of Garden] Argent, a crescent Gules in chief sinister, on a bend Azure three buckles Or.
	Samuel Klingenstierna (1698-1765)   Swedish mathematician. Argent, a tree terrassé Vert; on a chief Azure, three mullets of six points Or.
	Pierre-Louis Moreau de Maupertuis (1698-1759)   French mathematician. D'azur, à un palmier d'or.   (Rietstap)
	Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790)     Argent, on a bend Gules, between two lions' heads erased of the same, a dolphin embowed of the field between 2 martlets Or.
	Gabrielle-Emilie de Breteuil, marquise du Châtelet (1706-1749) [Le Tonnelier de Breteuil]   Azure, an hawk displayed Or.
	Leonhard Euler (1707-1783)   Swiss mathematician
	Carolus Linnæus (1707-1778)     Per pall Gules Vert and Sable, a pall between 3 coronets Argent radiated.  In an oval Azure overall, an egg inverted Proper.
	Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon (1707-1788)   French naturalist Quarterly: [1&4] Argent, on a bend Gules a mullet [/ 3 mullets?] Or [/ Argent?] (Leclerc = paternal).  [2&3] Azure, 5 billets Argent in saltire  (Marlin = maternal).
	Louis Jean Marie Daubenton (1716-1800)   French naturalist  [= d'Aubenton] D'azur, à trois peignes à double rangs de dents d'or, 2 et 1, posés en pal.
	Maria Gaëtana Agnesi (1718-1799) [of Milan] Azure, two swords in saltire Argent, hilts and pomels extending to the chief points Or.
	Axel Fredrik Cronstedt (1722-1765)   Swedish discoverer of nickel, in 1751. Per fess.  [1] Azure, a crown Argent.  [2] Argent, an ouroboros Azure.
	Nicolas Joseph Cugnot (1725-1804)   [first automobile, in 1769]
	Jean-Baptiste Gaspard Bochart de Saron (1730-1794) D'azur au croissant d'or surmonté d'une étoile de même.
	Lord Henry Cavendish (1731-1810)   [ genealogy | Devonshire | Stags & Serpents] Sable, three bucks' heads cabossed Argent.   [Crest: A serpent nowed Proper.]
	Chevalier Jean-Charles de Borda-Labatut (1733-1799)   Ecartelé : au 1 d'or à trois chevrons de gueules; au 2, d'azur au paon rouant d'argent; au 3 d'azur à trois truites d'argent, posées en fasces, l'une sur l'autre; au 4 d'or à un lévrier de gueules accosté et lié d'argent.
	James Watt (1736-1819) [Motto: Ingenio et Labore. Clan: Insperata floruit.] The arms at left are likely, but still uncertain.  See our discussion for details.
	Joseph-Louis Lagrange (1736-1813)   [Comte in 1808] De sable au triangle équilatéral évuidé d'or, surmonté d'une lune d'argent.
	Charles Augustin de Coulomb (1736-1806)
	Louis Bernard Guyton de Morveau (1737-1816)   Chemist   [Baron in 1811] D'azur, au chevron d'or accompagné de trois casques d'argent.
	Sir William Herschel, FRS (1738-1822) ["Coelis exploratis"]   Argent, on a mount Vert, the 40-foot reflecting telescope with its apparatus directed to sinister, all Proper; on a chief Azure, the astronomical symbol of Uranus irradiated Or.
	Horace Bénédict de Saussure (1740-1799)   Swiss physicist & geologist. Taillé, bandé contre-bandé, d'or et de sable, de six pièces. [ Mongin Schouel de Saulxures (1469-1542)  |  Saulxures-lès-Nancy, Lorraine ]
	Joseph-Michel Montgolfier (1740-1810) & Etienne Montgolfier (1745-1799) D'argent, au ballon ailé de gueules, survolant une mer d'azur et un mont de sinople à dextre.
	Franz-Joseph Müller, Freiherr  von Reichenstein (1742-1825) Austrian mineralogist who discovered Tellurium in 1783  (element Te, Z=52).
	Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier (1743-1794)     Azure, on a chevron Argent between 2 mullets in chief and a lion rampant in base of the same, 3 ermine spots Sable.
	Marie Jean Antoine Nicolas de Caritat, Marquis de Condorcet (1743-1794) Azure, a dragon Or, langued and armed Sable, all within a bordure of the last.
	Jean-Baptiste de Monet, Chevalier de Lamarck (1744-1829) [ de Bazentin ] Écartelé: aux 1 et 4, de gueules, au lion d'or; aux 2 et 3, d'azur, à trois tours d'or, maçonnées de sable, acc. de trois étoiles d'argent, rangées en chef.
	Pierre  François André  Méchain (1744-1804) French astronomer and surveyor D'azur à deux fasces d'or chargées de 5 roses de gueules, pointées et boutonnées de sinople (3 & 2)  accompagnées de 5 coquilles d'argent (3 & 2) et d'un croissant du même en pointe.
	Comte [1801] Alessandro Giuseppe Antonio Anastasio Volta (1745-1827) Parti: au 1, d'azur, au cygne entre deux colonnes réunies par une archivolte, le tout d'argent soutenu par une terrasse de sinople.  au 2, de gueules, à une pile électrique d'argent.
	Gaspard Monge, Comte de Péluse (1746-1818) Or, a palm-tree on a terrace Vert  (+ Napoleonic count-senator canton). [1808]
	Comte Claude-Louis Berthollet (1748-1822)     Per fess, 1: per pale Azure, a chemistry apparatus Argent, Gules an ibis Or, 2: Gules a greyhound rampant Or.
	Pierre-Simon Laplace (1749-1827)   [Count in 1806, Marquis in 1817] D'azur, à 2 planètes de Jupiter et de Saturne, avec leurs satellites et anneaux placés en ordre naturel, posées en fasce, d'argent, un soleil et une fleur à cinq branches d'or en chef.
	Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832)   [a writer more than a scientist] Azure, an estoile within a bordure Argent.   [No known motto.]
	Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre (1749-1822) De sable, semé d'étoiles d'argent en chef, et un globe terrestre du même en pointe, ledit globe entouré d'un annelet de sable en direction verticale.
	Adrien-Marie Legendre (1752-1833)   [Knighted in 1811] Per pale:  [1]  Azure, on a rock issuant from a sea a tower embattled of five pieces, all Argent; thereon a  fanal allumé Gules;  [2]  Sable, a globe beneath a hand holding a compass, all Or.
	Sir Benjamin Thompson, Reichsgraf von Rumford (1753-1814).  American-born. Per fess Argent and Sable, a fess embattled counter-embattled between two falcons beaked, membered and belled Or in chief and a horse passant in base, all counterchanged. [1784]
	Jurij Vega (1754-1802) [called Veha in his youth]   Georg Freiherr von Vega Born in Zagorica near Ljubljana, Slovenia.  Baron in 1800.   [ stamp | *log tables ] De gueules, à la grenade de guerre d'argent, allumée d'or.
	Jean-Antoine Claude Chaptal, (1756-1832)   Comte de Chanteloup [1810] De gueules, à une tour d'or, maçonnée et portillée de sable, accostée de 4 étoiles d'argent, et surmontée en chef à senestre d'une vigne de sinople, fruitée d'or.
	Johan Gadolin (1760-1852)   Finnish chemist  [discovered Yttrium in 1792]. Argent, on a bend Azure between a rose Gules and crystals Proper, two mullets Or.
	[Chevalier] Louis-Nicolas Vauquelin (1763-1829)   French chemist. Tiercé en fasce, d'azur, de gueules et de sinople, à la croix d'honneur entre trois creusets d'or, 2 en chef et 1 en pointe.
	Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier (1768-1830)   [Baron in 1810]   Per fess, [1] per pale, Azure a fess Argent, Gules a wall embattled beneath an oak branch Argent; [2] Argent a bend sinister chequy Azure and Or between two roosters Azure.
	Georges Jean Léopold Nicolas Christian Frédéric Cuvier (1769-1832) Azure, a chevron Or between 3 birds' [?] heads erased Argent.
	Baron  Alexander von Humboldt (1769-1859)   Prussian naturalist and explorer. Or upon a base Vert, a tree of the same between 3 mullets [of 6 points] Argent, 1 and 2.
	Etienne Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire (1772-1844)   French zoologist. Tiercé en bande, au premier d'or à la pyramide de sable; au 2, de gueules au signe des Chevaliers-Légionnaires; au 3, d'argent au crocodile d'azur.
	André Marie Ampère (1775-1836)
	Amedeo Avogadro (1776-1856) Gules 23 bezants, 5, 4, 5, 4, 3, and 2.
	Hans Christian Ørsted (1777-1851)     "Oersted"
	Johann Carl Friedrich Gauss (1777-1855)   [Motto: Pauca sed Matura] A tree on a terrace, bearing seven fruits.   [tinctures unknown]
	[Baron] Guillaume Dupuytren (1777-1835)   Physician D'azur, à la bande d'or chargée d'une branche de laurier de sinople et accompagnée d'un coq d'or en chef et d'une lampe allumée d'or en pointe.
	Louis-Joseph Gay-Lussac (1778-1850)  X 1797     [French]
	Sir Humphry Davy (1778-1829)  [Knighted in 1812, Baronet in 1818] Sable, a chevron engrailed Erminois between two annulets in chief Or, and in base a flame Proper encompassed by a chain of the [last], issuing from a civic wreath Gold.
	Jöns Jakob Berzelius (1779-1848)   D'argent, à un rocher au naturel, s'élevant d'une eau au naturel, et surmonté d'une étoile (5) d'or, le champ chapé-ployé de gueules, ch. à dextre d'une balance d'or et à senestre d'un flambeau d'or, posé en bande, brochant sur un bâton d'Esculape d'or, posé en barre.   [ Deux casques ]
	François Arago (1786-1853)  X 1803   [Cerny, Essonne. b. in Estagell, near Perpignan] Secured the abolition of slavery in French colonies (1853).
	Joseph von Fraunhofer (1787-1826) Per fess. [1] Per pale Sable a fleur-de-Lys Or, Or a fleur-de-lys Argent. [2] Gules a unicorn in full course Argent.
	Louis Augustin Cauchy (1789-1857)  X 1805 D'argent, à la tour d'azur sommée d'un coq hardi du même.
	Gustave Gaspard de Coriolis (1792-1843)  X 1808 Azure, two chevrons Or, a rose in base Argent.  [Genealogy (Barons de Limaye) : 1 | 2 ]
	Ecole Polytechnique "X" (1794- )   Une cuirasse surmontée d'un casque vu de profil, posés sur une ancre de marine, le tout brochant sur deux canons croisés. [Motto: "Pour la Patrie, les sciences et la gloire."]
	Sadi Carnot (1796-1832; X 1812) Azure, three martlets and a mullet in chief Argent.
	Benoît Paul Emile Clapeyron (1799-1864; X 1816)   French thermodynamicist. D'azur, à la fasce d'or, chargée de trois croix potencées de gueules et accompagnée de trois roses du second.   [Rietstap]
	William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse (1800-1867)   Father of Sir Charles Parsons. Gules, three leopards' faces Argent.   [Crest:  Out of a ducal coronet Or, a cubit arm holding a sprig of roses, all Proper.  Motto: Pro Deo et Rege.]
	Niels Henrik Abel (1802-1829)   Argent, the forbidden tree of knowledge with the Serpent between Adam and Eve, Adam dexter receiving an apple from Eve sinister, the latter plucking a second apple with her sinister hand, all Proper.
	Justus von Liebig (1803-1873)  German chemist & industrialist  [Freiherr in 1845] Gules, on a bend Argent an oak branch with 7 leaves and 3 acorns Proper.
	Charles Darwin (1809-1882)     Argent, on a bend Gules cotised Vert, between two mullets each within an annulet Gules, three escallops Or.   [See grandfather.]
	Sir William Rowan Hamilton (1805-1865)   [knighted in 1835] Irish mathematician of Scottish ancestry (clan Hamilton).  Motto:  "Through". Gules, [a mullet between] three cinquefoils Argent? [ surname | Killyleagh | 1891 ]
	Henri Nestlé (1814-1890)     [1867 baby formula] De gueules, à un oiseau d'argent, couché dans son nid au naturel.   (Rietstap)
	Julius Robert von Mayer (1814-1878)   [ennobled in November of 1867]
	Augusta Ada Byron, Countess of Lovelace (1815-1852) [Heiress of Lord Byron]   Argent, three bendlets enhanced Gules.
	Ernst Werner von Siemens (1816-1892) & Sir William Siemens (1823-1883) Azure, a carrot Proper leaved Argent, between 2 mullets of 6 points Or. [Arms of Hermann von Siemens (1885-1986) grandson of Werner von Siemens.]
	Sir George Gabriel Stokes (1819-1903)  FRS   [ Stokes' Theorem ] Gules, a demi-lion double-queued Argent within a bordure Sable entoyre of bezants. [ Arms granted in 1721 to his great-grandfather, Gabriel Stokes (1682-1768) ]
	Hermann von Helmholtz (1821-1894)   [ Thermodynamics ] Quarterly.  [1 & 4] Or.  [2 & 3] Gules, an iron helm Proper. On a bend Argent overall, three salamanders Vert.
	Gregor Johann Mendel (1822-1884)     Quarterly;  Azure, a lily Proper; Sable, a plow Proper beneath a christian cross irradiated Or; Gules, two clasped hands in friendship beneath a flaming heart Proper; Or, the writing "A=W" Sable.
	William Thomson, Baron Kelvin of Netherhall, Largs (1824-1907) Argent, a stag's head cabossed Gules, on a chief Azure a thunderbolt Proper winged Or, between two spur revels of the first.   [1866]
	Baron [1897] Joseph Lister of Lyme Regis (1827-1912)   [baronet in 1883] Ermine, on a fess invected Sable three mullets of six points Argent, in chief a staff of Aesculapius erect Proper.   [ Motto:  Malo mori quam foedari. ]
	Friedrich August Kekulé von Stradonitz (1829-1896)   [Kekule ze Stradonic] Gules, three angled horse fleams Argent pallwise, between as many trefoils Vert.
	James Clerk Maxwell (1831-1879)   [Clan motto: Reviresco]  house Argent a saltire Sable, in chief a mullet Gules, within a bordure Azure.   [ Dumfries ]
	Sir William Crookes (1832-1919)   [Knighted in 1897, Order of Merit in 1910] Or, on a chevron Vert three optical prisms Argent between two crosses patty of the second in chief and a radiometer Proper in base.
	Dmitri Mendeleev (1834-1907)  Quarterly; 1 & 4  Gules, an ironclad arm from a cloud Proper holding a sword Argent ;  2 & 3  Vert, a horseshoe below a stirrup Argent strapped Gules. On an inescutcheon Azure, a cross patonce Or, 3 mullets in chief and a crescent in base Argent.
	Albert Auguste Cochon de Lapparent (1839-1908) X 1858   Geologist   [ IGAL ] Or, a chevron Gules between three boars' heads erased Sable tusked Argent.
	Sir James Dewar, FRS (1842-1923)   Scottish chemist & physicist  [Dewar flask] Gules, the crosier of St Fillan between a water bouget in the dexter and a vacuum vessel in the sinister Argent.  On a chief of the last, three cinquefoils of the first.
	John W. Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh of Terling Place (1842-1919; Nobel 1904) Azure, on a chevron Argent between 3 crosses crosslet fitchy Or, 3 leopards' heads? [ *surface acoustic waves ]
	Baron Lóránd von Eötvös (1848-1919)   Hungarian physicist. Quarterly with an inescutcheon.  [Eötvös family traced back to the 17th century]
	Sofia Vasilyevna Kovalevskia (1850-1891)   née Sonya Korvin-Krukovskaya. [ Korwin-Krukowski ]
	Antoine Henri Becquerel (1852-1908; Nobel 1903)  X 1872   French physicist.
	Johann Ludwig Emil Dreyer (1852-1926)   Danish astronomer (NGC author). Per fess Argent and Gules, chaperonné Azure, in chief a trefoil slipped and inverted Vert and in base three roundels [each charged with a quatrefoil] Argent.
	Emil von Behring (1854-1917; Nobel 1901)   German physician. Checky Sable and Argent, a snake Vert twined around a dagger Gules, point down.
	Sir Charles Parsons, FRS (1854-1931)   [Knighted in 1911, 6th son of Rosse] (Invented steam turbine in 1884.  Westminster Abbey window dedicated in 1950.)
	Heinrich Rudolf Hertz (1857-1894)   German physicist  [Radio waves, 1888] Quarterly [1&4] Gules a harp Or and [2&3] Argent three hearts Gules.
	Baron [1901] Carl Auer von Welsbach (1858-1929)   [ Plus Lucis ]   Quarterly: 1/Sable, an eagle Or.  2/Arms of Wels with a catfish in a creek [canting].  3/Argent, five mithridate leaves. 4/Gules, a griffin Or.  5/On an inescutcheon Or, a torch Sable.
	Charles de la Vallée-Poussin (1866-1962)   Belgian mathematican  [Baron in 1928] D'azur à la fasce d'or chargée de trois trèfles de sable.  [1930]
	Marie Curie, née Marya Sklodowska  (1867-1934; Nobel 1903 & Nobel 1911) Azure, an arrow [point downwards] within a horseshoe Argent surmounted by a cross patty Or.   [ Herb Dolega, borne by the ród of the Sklodowski family.]
	Niels Fabian  Helge von Koch (1870-1924)   Swedish mathematician. Quarterly; [1] Or, a cock on a ladder Sable. [2] Gules, a boar's head erased Sable. [3] Azure, a crown Or over two palms in saltire Vert. [4] Or a rose Gules.
	Ernest Rutherford, Lord Rutherford of Nelson (1871-1937; Nobel 1908) Per saltire arched Gules and Or, two inescutcheons voided of the first in fess, within each a martlet Sable.   [Knighted in 1914. Baron in 1931.]
	Bertrand Arthur William Russell, 3rd Earl Russell (1872-1970; Nobel 1950) [Dukes of Bedford]   Argent, a lion rampant Gules armed and langued Azure, on a chief Sable three escallops of the first.     [ genealogy  |  misty roots ]
	Hans von Euler-Chelpin (1873-1964; Nobel 1929)   Swedish chemist Or, a castle triple towered Gules couped, port of the field and windows Sable, the middle tower roofed of the last.   [Father of Ulf  S. von Euler]
	Guglielmo Marconi (1874-1937; Nobel 1909)     Per pale Azure and Argent, a fleur-de-lys Or between 2 lions combattant counterchanged, under a Capo d'Angio.
	(Louis César Victor) Maurice de Broglie (1875-1960) [6th duke, brother of Louis] Or, a saltire moline Azure.   [D'or au sautoir alaisé et ancré d'azur.]
	Albert Einstein (1879-1955; Nobel 1921)
	Waclaw Sierpinski (1882-1969)   Polish mathematician. Azure, a mullet of six points over a crescent Or.   (Herb Leliwa)
	Amalie Emmy Noether (1882-1935)
	Niels Henrik David Bohr (1885-1962; Nobel 1922)   [ *model  |  *quote ] Argent, a tai-chi mandala [taiji or yin-yang symbol] Gules and Sable.  [1947] Motto:  Contraria sunt complementa  (opposites are complementary).
	Stanislaw Lesniewski (1886-1939) [Leshniewski, Leúniewski]  Mathematician. Gules, a griffin Argent armed Or.   (Herb Gryf)
	Gustav Hertz (1887-1975; Nobel 1925)   Physicist  [nephew of Heinrich Hertz] Quarterly [1&4] Gules a harp Or and [2&3] Argent three hearts Gules.
	Louis (Victor Pierre Raymond) de Broglie (1892-1987; Nobel 1929) [7th duke] Or, a saltire moline Azure.   [D'or au sautoir alaisé et ancré d'azur.]
	Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac (1902-1984; Nobel 1933)     Argent, a leopard Gules holding a clover Vert dexter, on a chief Azure three pine cones Or.
	Ulf von Euler (1905-1983; Nobel 1970)   Swedish physician Or, a castle triple towered Gules couped, port of the field and windows Sable, the middle tower roofed of the last.   [Son of Hans von Euler-Chelpin]
	Wernher (Magnus Maximillian) Freiherr  von Braun (1912-1977) Argent, three fusils conjoined pallwise Gules.     [ read more ]
	Carl (Friedrich) Freiherr  von Weizsäcker (1912-2007)   German physicist. Azure from a terrace Vert issuant three wheat stalks Or.
	Pierre-Gilles de Gennes (1932-2007; Nobel 1991)     D'azur, à trois genettes d'or, accompagnées en abyme d'une fleur de lys d'or.   [de Gennes-Sanglier]
	Klaus-Olaf  von Klitzing (b. 1943; Nobel 1985)   German physicist Or, three Hungarian bonnets Gules lined Argent.
	Dubna, Russia   (founded 1956).  Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) Argent, on a see Azure, a tree Vert. Overall, an upright triangle in base and an helium atom in heart, both Or.  [Dubnium is element 105]

We gratefully acknowledge many comments and contributions:

• Jochen Wilke nominated Carl von Weizsäcker and composed artwork for  Linné, Goethe,
  von Behring, Paracelsus, Auer von Welsbach, Kekulé, Kepler, Cusa, l'Hôpital, Marconi,
  Fraunhofer, Tycho Brahe, v. Koch, v. Platen, de Laval,  Abel,  Polhem,  Leibniz,  Drais,
  Schickard,  Helmholtz,  Humboldt,  Liebig,  Klitzing,  The Leopoldina Academy, Hertz,
  Merian, Cronstedt, Müller v. Reichenstein and Gadolin.  Outside the main roll:  Hedin,
  Akihito, Teilhard de Chardin, Nansen, Heyerdahl, Leverkus, Bayer, Stromer, Zeppelin,
  Friedrich v. Hahn, Negrelli, Köchel, George Everest, von Freytag-Löringhoff, BAdW.
• Arnaud Bunel  researched the arms of Pierre-Gilles de Gennes (1932-2007).  He drew
  the arms of Corvisart and de Broglie  (and provided Napoleonic elements).  He suggested
  William Harvey, Arsène d'Arsonval, Maurice d'Ocagne, Claude Perrault, Morel de Vindé,
  Mathieu de Dombasle, Jean de La Quintinie, Olivier de Serres, Théophraste Renaudot,
  Jean-Louis Armand de Quatrefages de Bréau  and  Louis-Etienne Héricart de Thury.
• Guy H. Power  helped with contacts and suggested von Braun, Dalby and Rumford.
  He researched the arms of  Sir William Crookes  and unearthed the  Ross coat-of arms.
• Stephen J.F. Plowman  helped with the arms of  Isaac Barrow, Charles Parsons, Kelvin,
  Humphry Davy, Murchison.  He submitted his own depiction of the arms of Joseph Lister,
  nominated James Dewar and emblazoned his arms.
• Knut A. Berg suggested N. Steno, Servet, Nansen. He also helped with Berzelius, Buffon,
  Réaumur, Vauquelin, Dupuytren, Lacépède, F. Bacon, Magellan, Snell, Dumont d'Urville.
• Alex Maxwell Findlater helped greatly with questions concerning James Clerk Maxwell.
• Ann Lyon suggested the astronomer William Parsons (1800-1867), 3rd Earl of Rosse, and
  his sixth son, Sir Charles Parsons, FRS (1854-1931) inventor of the steam turbine (1884).
  Also, John Louis Dreyer, the Danish astronomer who authored the original NGC (1888).
• François R. Velde provided data for L'Hospital (1661-1704) and Purkyne (1789-1869).
• George Lucki  gave us Kopernik's gmerk, suggested Stanislaw Lesniewski, provided
  the arms of Sierpinski, and confirmed the Dolega arms for Marie Curie-Sklodowska.
• Frank Martinoff  proposed several geologists:  Murchison, Taaffe, Dumortier, Smithson.
• James Dempster  provided data for Sir William Herschel (from Debrett's, 1909) and the
  blazon of John Louis Emil Dreyer (Esq MA PhD) from Fox Davies Armorial Families.
• Jiri Jaroslav  pointed out the Czech descent  [ Kekule ze Stradonic ]  of August Kekule.
  He also provided a link to the arms of the Czech bryozoologist August Emanuel Reuss.
• Jonas Kuschner  provided the coat-of-arms of Samuel Klingenstierna (1698-1765) and
  that of Hans von Euler-Chelpin (Nobel 1929) and his son Ulf S. von Euler (Nobel 1970).
• John Gaylor  contributed his own depiction of the arms of  Erasmus and Charles Darwin.
• Jan Böhme  suggested Emanuel Swedenborg (1688-1772) and provided data.
• Cillian Roberto Fani Ó Broin  confirmed the arms of Girolamo Cardano (1501-1576).
• Geoffrey John Kingman-Sugars  helped with the coat-of-arms of Sir Christopher Wren.
• Anton Sherwood  prompted the use of  "palewise" in 3 cases (St. Albert, Cusa, Galileo).

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