From: Richard Schwartz For a single parabolic reflector, the coma is given by k = (3/16) * u / F^2 k is the spot size due to coma u is the distance from the center of the focal plane F is the aperture ratio of the mirror. I got that formula from Frank Ross, "Lens Systems for Correcting Coma of Mirrors", in SPIE MS-73, p. 241. I wish somebody with a web page would post this formula!