Classical Homeschooling Newsletter
Nov-Dec-Jan 98/99 Issue

Contents

Is Classical Education for the Intellectual Elite?
Making Math Classical
Language Arts Programs
StartWrite Software



Is Classical Education for the Intellectual Elite?
By Jennifer Schwilling
SCHWILLING@prodigy.net



Not long ago our loop had a discussion about exactly whom classical education was for. Is it only for the intellectual elite? Is it only for gifted children? Or can this method be used succesfully and to the benefit of any child? This it the post that started the discussion:

" New to Class Ed and stil not well-read concerning it, I have a general question. Is classical education only for the intellectual "cream of the crop?" In a conversation with an aquaintance today, she said they had decided not to use classical education since they didn't think their children "could handle it intellectually". It puzzled me. It seemed to me that the rate of learning is what needs to be adjusted, not the approach. What do you think?"

This is not an uncommon question to be asked when we tell others that we use the classical method of education. Classical education is not widely known, even less understood and has a bad reputation with some. As one member put it:

" ClassEd has a reputation for being tedious, harsh, boring and irrelevant". It doesn't help matters when there are slight differences in reasons why people choose to teach this way.

Here are some of the responses that followed this question:

"The classical approach isn't any more difficult than any other approach, maybe with the exception of no appraoch at all. Through my experience, I have found the classical approach to be more simple and enjoyable for my children.
...I guess Classical Education (CE) could seem very advanced to the outsider looking in. When you think about Latin, Greek, and lots of memorization. But when you go with the flow of how the child learns best at his age level, it's logical that there will be optimum learning
... Kids will generally meet the goals set for them whether they are low or high, so why not set them high?
... I actually have found the classical approach much simpler to implement that the "unschooling" or "unit study" approach, which requires the parent to fill in the gaps. By concentrating on basic skills, a child has the opportunity for daily accomplishments and incremental growth; by teaching the tools of learning, a child will be given the lifelong ability to master any subject.
... I don't think it's "intellectual" to learn how to read, write, compute and commit facts to memory
... As a teacher, I have always found that students rise (or sink) to the level of expectation you have for them. The studies showing the effects of teacher attitudes on students are notorius. So if a parent thinks something is too difficult for their child to accomplish, then I expect it WILL be...

Now while the general concensus was that classical education was not for a select group of "elite intellectuals", many of us felt that we as classical teachers had a high goal set for us -- to educate ourselves completely, so that we can set these high academic goals for our children and help them reach those goals:

"The classical appropach seems so logical to me, yet I tremble a bit when I think of what it might require in the later years...
I think the curriculum is more streamlined in the grammar stage, but once you start going on to the dialectic stage, it does seem rather daunting to me too."

As we set high goals for our children and ourselves, and as we strive for excellence in a world where mediocrity is acceptable and expected, we should never be prideful and feel that we are superior in any way, thus giving the impression that we think we are of the elite:

"Anyway, as the ONE fellwo classical homeschooler [in town] and I were talking, she revealed to me that she doesn't even go to her local group anymore, because she didn't think they were "on the same level". Is this where I am headed, because I'm not sure I want to go in this direction??? "

Now, I have never had anyone using the classical approach saying anything like this to me, but there will always be people who think that the method they use to teach their children is the way to go. Obviously, we think classical education is the best way to go for us, or we wouldn't be doing it. But we also realize that there are other methods which work well for others. Noone participating in the discussion felt that they or their children were superior because of their education.:

"I would never wish to appear to be intellectually superior to anyone, because this would damage any chance of ministry with so many people who live around me"
... I certainly wouldn't try to persuade anyone that my method is more superior than theirs
... We don't educate with the goals in mind to alienate anyone or even to be intellectually superior to anyone. we just want to produce the best educated little Christians that we can."

So is classical education for the intellectual elite? No. Do we believe the classical approach can produce intelligent, mature children with an excellent education? yes! Back to Top


Making Math Classical
By Lene Mahler Jaqua
mikejaqua@worldnet.att.net

Mathematics is a Greek word, literally meaning science; the science of numbers and their operations, interrelations, combinations, generalizations, and abstractions; the science of space configurations, their structure, measurement, transformations, and generalizations.

For a brief background history of mathematics , see http://www.rbjones.com/rbjpub/maths/math003.htm . For ancient Greek mathematics, check out http://www.rbjones.com/rbjpub/maths/math005.htm and http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/GreekScience/Students/ Chris/GreekMath.html . Making math classical entails following the educational model of the Trivium .

Generally speaking, classical curricula succeed for the following reasons:

1) The material is well suited for the learning stage of the child
2) The subject matter is presented sequentially and in tiny palatable bites.( Skill building upon skill)
3) There is daily review of previous subejct matter covered both in oral and written form.
4) Some memory tool or mneumonic is employed to retain knowledge.
5) Rigor and mastery is expected

Two general goals for math in a classical Christian curriculum might be:

1) To glorify the Creator who gave us the beauty and symmetry of numbers
2) To learn to understand God's beautiful and logical world of numbers at an age-appropriate and develoopmentally appropriate level, using the tools of the Trivium.

Before real math begins, your child should be able to know the basic shapes, recognize numbers, and count with a one-to-one correspondence. Most children will also be ready and able to write the numbers, however mom can do the writing until Junior is ready, if that's the only obstacle to math. Some advocate math as a dialectic discipline. They start their children at age 10. I will not argue against the truth that math is logical or that a busy mom could put math off to age 10. However, I believe that the grammar stage is excellent for memorization of math facts.

The Grammar of Math,, is a collection of practical techniques used to simplify the counting process. In the Grammar Stage goal should be absorption and memorization of basic math facts first one-to-one corespondence counting, then addition and multiplication tables accompanied by skip counting .

The Logic of Math involves the application and understanding: consumer math (such as balancing a check book or a budget) and beginning algebra; given certain facts, deduce certain other facts.

Finally, in the Rhetoric of Math, true style and beauty comes into the picture in the form of linear algebra, complex number theory and calculus, mathematics is generalized and formalized.

Exactly which skills should be covered from 1st through 6th grade? If you browse through the table of contents of various math curricula you will largely find consensus on the essentials and the sequence. Probably more important is your children's learning styles. Do they need colorful pictures to keep their attention going? Are they ready to copy word problems on to a separate sheet? Do they need colorful workbook pages? Are they easily bored with repetition?

Most grade school math curricula are written for class room use, but can be adapted to a homeschool setting. A wide variety of books were used in the homeschools represented by our list. Math-U-See, Scott Foresman, Math-Made Meaningful... Bob Jones seems very strong teaching each concept step-by-step, but has less review. Horizons and ABeka introduce a new step to a concept every day, and have ample review of previous lessons. Saxon Math is not as colorful, but also incrementally taught, with regular tests and a strong oral component to the teaching of the concepts.


One parent writes:"We use Saxon, and have for 4 years now. My summing up Saxon:
-Negative: it is expensive, and if you do it as written, takes a LOT of time! I'm doing 3rd and 1st [grade], and it takes us at least an hour [per day]. I haven't been thrilled with the pace (slow) of the introduction of new material. Also I have been disappointed with the word problems...not varied enough (stating in different ways when asking the same thing...I like Math-U-See for this, and use their teacher's manual for word problems at the K-3 level supplemental to Saxon).
-Positive: I know two homeschool moms that are math majors, and they both previewed and approve of Saxon. I like the theory of the incremental approach, because I agree that the kids will latch on to a "pattern" to answer. Sporadically spacing all the various math elements (time, money, patterns, addition, multiplication, word problems, etc.) forces constant retention of the subject matter. Also, after having taken a few years of the Standardized tests, I see that Saxon (as compared to other more manipulative based programs) covers a lot more of the "peripheral" math subjects such as patterning, geoboards, tangrams, etc."

A helful tool in adapting math curricula to a classical model is the three ring binder with subject dividers. In the younger children's math notebooks, the divisions could be: writing numbers and shapes (penmanship), memory work (skip counts, mental math drills), tests and quizzes; with one section containing worksheets from the consumable math book of choice and a section for review which if not found in the worktext of choice can be generated by mom separately.... see below under math drills.

- For the older children, the subjects might be mental speed drills (solve 10 problems of the basic operations in 3 minutes), skip counts 0 - 12, memorize math formulae for multi-step math processes (such as long division : divide, multiply, subtract, pull down) , algebra formulae, et.c. and worksheets with problems in non-consumable math text , a section for tests and quizzes, and in our case.... ahem, "math penmanship": drawing shapes and number formation.

Math Drills-
The URL http://www.coastlink.com/users/sbryce/ mathwork/index.htm contains simple no frill math worksheets which you can create for daily drill. Also, any moms on the list succesfully used Calculadder as an excellent drill tool. Math games such as MathIt were popular. Most of us employ flashcards in some fashion and some used GeoSafari Math. Many of us also play math (Bingo, Monopoly Jr, Uno, Candy Land, etc.) and use math CD ROM's for added drill.
CD ROMs-
For the younger kids there are numerous choices in CD ROM's. The Blaster Series and JumpStart series have separate math titles for each grade level, which are most popular and helpful up until 4th grade. For some reason the themes from 4th and up tend to center on the occult and there seems to be more arcade-style play components than math content. Carmen San Diego Math Detective was highly recommended for the middle years as excellent in the math concepts, impeccable theme and little non-math activity involved.

There is little written about teaching math within the Trivium and no math materials designed with the classical model in mind. However, math is classical, when it is taught with adherence to the deveopmental stages of the Trivium . Most materials available for mathematics in the Grammar Stage can be adapted using incremental presentation of new material, review, rigor and mastery, all within the framework of the Trivium. - lmj Back to Top





Language Arts Programs
edited by lmj
About Institute for Excellence in Writing:

Several of us on the loop own the video series published by Institute for Excellence in Writing. The Video tapes and accompanying syllabus comprise a writing program with instruction in structure and style starting with 2nd grade students going through high school.

IEW contains 9 units of instruction, each unit building on the previous unit. It is a classical step-by-step program starting with outlining, narrating, immitation, moving on to more higher level writing such as researching a topic by merging outlines from different sources, and creative writing from pictures on to more independent writing. The style componenet such as inserting adverbs, picking stronger verbs, using "which" clauses, different sentence openers, et.c are added slowly so that the student gains confidence and competency as he/she learns to encorporate each element.

The subject about which to write is always clearly laid out in the lessons which the parent plans from the IEW syllabus, so that the student does not waste time trying to figure out WHAT to write about, but is free to focus on the structure and style. How to write a draft and how to grade the draft and improve the draft is carefully explained.

The parent plans the school year's writing assignment with the 9 units in mind, picking appropriate literature for each unit. One can allow as much or as little time as needed for each unit. The nine units will be "recycled " every year and higher grade level material is included as the student improves in his writing skills. lmj

"This program is not a complete writing program Those of us, who use IEW have been impressed with it's helpful outline of how to teach the writing process - it's not meant to be a complete writing program. It's meant to lay a strong foundation in writing and especially how to organize your writing. The writing of poetry is not even discussed, nor are different types of essay formats, such as persuasive or descriptive essays. For this (and more probably) you would need to look elsewhere, such as Jensen's Format Writing (for older dialectic or rhetoric students) or any writing handbook." JB Back to Top

Intermediate Language Lessons By Lost Classics Book Co
MED

The book covers ALOT of material. There are 301 lessons. Plan on using the book for a couple of years. Here are some of the features:
Literature study with prose and poetry (I counted about 30 poems in the book.) Letter writing on subjects of interest to children as well as business letters. Drill on correct word usage and forms of speech. Vocabulary exercises. Making and using an outline for composition and talking. (This is the classical approach after completing the copybook and before starting original compositions.) Various forms of composition, including description, narration, conversation, dialogue, debate and writing rhymes. It also has dictation lessons.The compositions are reproductions and originals, both written and oral. (Again, fits nicely with the classical approach.) There are also observation lessons to discuss, which also may furnish material for a writing lesson. The book is fully illustrated with black and white prints of Masterpieces; which also are discussed! The list goes on and on. The book covers grammar as well.... the sentence, words in a series, the paragraph, titles, abbreviations, possesive forms, punctuation, singular and plural, direct and indirect quotations, homonyms, titles, compound subject and predicate, nouns, verbs, prepositions etc. Its pretty complete and doesn't lack anything for the grade levels covered. (grs.4-6) .

To give a fair assesment, here are some things that are not covered......parenthetical expression ( word or group of words that interrupt a sentence, add info, but aren't grammtically neccessary), introductory dependent clauses or introductory phrases, closely related main clauses, and dependent clauses. I imagine these things are taught in the upper elementary grades and Jr.High. This is where I jumped ship in school, so we will be doing Harvey's grammar next year together. MED Back to Top

StartWrite Software


By KC

I have recently run across and am using: StartWrite. This is a computer program (currently IBM and a Mac version will be out early in the new year) that allows you to print your own 3-lined grids from a variety of sizes, to suit the needs of your student(s). Also, to varying degrees of shading, you can type in work to be traced (like memory verses, copywork, etc.) OR type in the same kinds of work with just the START STROKES showing on the lines. Cursive, print and Italic formats are available. The cost originally was quite reasonable ($29.95) however, I do believe the prices will be going up soon. The contact for this company is: Idea Maker, Inc./StartWrite/ 80 South Redwood Road, Suite 215/North Salt Lake UT 84054 (801) 294-7779 or 1-888-WRITE-ABC. Also see www.startwrite.com for a FREE DEMO. You can also see an ad/pictures of samples in the September/October "Teaching Home" magazine, page 22. I think the nice thing about using this software is that you make the writing content specific to YOUR student! KC Back to Top