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Literature about Jens Bjørneboe's Novels
An annotated bibilography compiled by Esther Greenleaf Mürer


Contents
Duke Hans (Hertug Hans)
Ere the Cock Crows (Før hanen galer)
Jonas
Under a Harsher Sky (Under en hårdere himmel)
Winter in Bellapalma (Vinter i Bellapalma)
Little Boy Blue (Blåmann)
The Evil Shepherd (Den onde hyrde)
The Dream and the Wheel (Drømmen og hjulet)
Without a Stitch (Uten en Tråd)

Trilogy (general)
Moment of Freedom (Frihetens øyeblikk)
Powderhouse (Kruttårnet)
The Silence (Stillheten)
The Sharks (Haiene)


Includes page references to discussions of individual works in the following general works (bold indicates abbreviation):

Frihet! Sannhet! Temaer i Jens Bjørneboes forfatterskap, ed. Y. R. Otnes. Oslo: Pax, 1977.
Garton, Janet. Jens Bjørneboe: Prophet Without Honor. Contributions to the Study of World Literature, no. 9. Westport, CT: Greenwood Publishing Group, 1985.
Hambro, Carl. 1978. Jens Bjørneboe, en litterær profil. Oslo: Gyldendal.
Martin, Joe. Keeper of the Protocols : The Works of Jens Bjørneboe in the Crosscurrents of Western Literature. American University Studies. Series I, Germanic Languages and Literatures, vol. 108. New York: Peter Lang, 1996.
Otnes, Yngvild Risdal. Bjørneboe. Norske forfattere i nærlys. 2. Oslo: Aschehoug, 1974.
Tharaldsen, Ottil. Kvinnesyn og mannsrolle i fire romaner av Jens Bjørneboe (View of woman and man's role in four novels of JB) Oslo: Universitetsforlaget, 1977.
Wandrup, Fredrik. Jens Bjørneboe : mannen, myten og kunsten (Jens Bjørneboe: the man, the myth, the art) Oslo: Gyldendal, 1984.

General references

Garton, Chapters 4-6, 8-9 (33-68, 87-114).

Risdal, Yngvild. "Kort oversikt over anmeldelse av Jens Bjørneboes romaner, 1952-64" (Brief survey of the reviews of JB's novels...) In Frihet! Sannhet! 184-9.


Duke Hans (Hertug Hans, 1972)

Bjøndal, Jan. "Sannheten—døden—friheten. Sentrale motiver i Jens Bjørneboes Hertug Hans og Frihetens øyeblikk" (Truth, death, freedom: central motifs in JB's Duke Hans and Moment of Freedom). In I diktningens brennpunkt, edited. by Rolf Nyboe Nettum, 131-149. Oslo: Aschehoug, 1982.

Garton, 34-36.

Martin, 9f.

Mishler, William. "Jens Bjørneboe, Anthroposophy and Hertug Hans." Edda (1987), no. 2:167-178. Anthroposophical symbolism in JB's early novella. Norwegian quotations untranslated.

Wandrup, 46-48.


Ere the Cock Crows (Før hanen galer , 1952)

Aarnes, Sigurd Aa."'Det ondes problem'. Nazismen i Jens Bjørneboes dikting." In Nazismen og norsk litteratur. 2. utg., ed by Bjarte Birkeland et al., 365-387. Oslo: Universitetsforlaget, 1995. JB's depiction of Nazism and preoccupation with Germany.

Aarnes, Sigurd Aa. "The Problem of Evil"—Nazism in Jens Bjørneboe's writing. Translated by John Weinstock. In The Nordic Mind: Current Trends in Scandinavian Literary Criticism, edited. by Frank Egholm Andersen and John Weinstock. 223-50. Lanham MD: University Presses of America, 1986. Translation of the foregoing (1st ed, 1975).

Bjørneboe, Jens. "En litterær prosess." Samlede Essays: Kultur I, 205-23. (Oslo: Pax. 1996). Originally published in Madsen, Carl. En litterær process (A literary lawsuit). Copenhagen: Vendelkær., 1968.

Bull, Jan. "Til rådighet for døden." (At death's disposal). In Frihet! Sannhet! 228-30. Review, originally published in Friheten, 25 October 1952.

Garton, 36-40.

Hambro, Chapter 3 (39-50).

Løding, Steinar. "Smerte og struktur: Om 'For hanen galer' av Jens Bjørneboe." (Pain and structure: On Ere the Cock Crows). Vinduet 40 (1986) , no. 2:20-22.

Longum, Leif. Et speil for oss selv. Menneskesyn og virkelighetsoppfatning i norsk etterkrigsprosa (A mirror for ourselves: View of man and conception of reality in postwar Norwegian prose), 50-54.. Oslo: Aschehoug, 1968.

Madsen, Carl. En litterær process (A literary lawsuit). Copenhagen: Vendelkær, 1968. An account of the court case in Copenhagen in March 1968, in which Madsen represented Bjørneboe in a libel suit against Ole Storm stemming from a statement about Bjørneboe's motives for writing Før Hanen Galer. Includes an account of the reception of the novel, Bjørneboe's own defense statement and an essay by Johanna Schwarz.

Martin, 11-13.

Mürer, Esther Greenleaf. "Mad Scientists and Moral Outrage: The Genesis of JB's Amputation." In Bjørneboe, Jens. Amputation: Texts for an Extraordinary Spectacle. Los Angeles: Xenos Books, 2003, 143-166.

Mygland, Knut. "Jens Bjørneboes roman Før hanen galer og mottakelsen av den" (Ere the Cock Crows and its reception). Dissertation. Univ. of Oslo, 1978.

Nygren, Lars. "Nattsvart optimism." In Grannskap: Nordisk antologi, redigerad av Anders Weider och Lillemor Sörman. Ur Café Existens 1984-1994 (Bottna, Caf‚ Existens, 1994), 103-114. Originally published in Cafe Existens nr 53, 1992. Focuses on JB's relationship with Brecht, with particular attention to Ere the Cock Crows.

Otnes, 12-18.

Wandrup, 51-55.


Jonas (1955)

Bjørneboe, Jens. "När jeg skrev Jonas" (When I wrote Jonas). Bøker og Mennesker, edited by Aud Gulbransen and Jadwige T. Kvadsheim. 138-44. Oslo: Gyldendals fakkelbøker,1979. Originally published in Bokvännen, no. 11/12 (1956).

Borgersen, Ivar. "Sentrale teorier i Jens Bjørneboes oppdragelsessyn :en litterær-pedagogisk studie" (Central theories in JB's view of education: a literary- pedagogical study). Dissertation. Univ. of Trondheim, 1982.

Egeland, Egil. "Jeg setter pris på 'vanskelige' elever: Konservativ anarkist har suksess" ("I value 'difficult' pupils"..) In Samtaler med Jens Bjørneboe, edited by Håvard Rem, 20-25. Oslo: Dreyer, 1987. Interview with JB, originally published in Morgenbladet, 22 October 1955.

Garton, 41-45.

Hambro, chapter 4 (51-66).

Hoel, Sigurd. "En stor roman" (A great novel). In Frihet! Sannhet! 199-204. Review, originally published in Verdens Gang, 11 October 1955.

Imerslund, Knut. 1994. "Jens Bjørneboe og pedagogikken." Norsk pedagogisk tidsskrift, 78, no. 5:305-314.

Kristiansen, Hans-Ivar. "Jens Bjørneboes Jonas—fra samfunnsengasjement til selvsentrert livssyn : en lesemåte" (Jonas—from societal engagement to a Self-centered [individuated] view of life). Dissertation. Univ. of Bergen, 1974.

Martin, 20-23.

Nilsen, Sverre. "Jonas av Jens Bjørneboe." Dissertation. Univ. of Oslo, 1975.

Nørstebø, Eva Olaug. "Eit salamandersynspunkt? Ein analyse av Jens Bjørneboes Jonas" (A salamander viewpoint? An analysis of Jonas). Dissertation. Univ. of Oslo, 1970.

Otnes, 19-31.

Skagen, Kaj. 1984.

Solheim, Torolv. "Jens Bjørneboe: Jonas." In Frihet! Sannhet! 190-8. Originally published in Fossegrimen, nr.2-3 (1956): 128-34.

Stokenes, Elin."Pedagogen Jens Bjørneboe : i artikler og romanen Jonas" (The teacher JB: in articles and the novel Jonas.). Dissertation. Univ. of Bergen, 1986.

Thon, Jahn. "Jens Bjørneboes samfunnskritikk" (JB's critique of society). Klassekampen (Oslo), 17 October. 1995. A slightly different version in Sørlandsk magasin 12(1996) :30-35. Places JB in the Bohemian tradition. English translation

Wandrup, 60-63.

Wyller, Egil A. "Jens Bjørneboes Jonas, en analyse." Samtiden 65 (1956): 149-64.


Under a Harsher Sky/Under a Sterner Heaven (Under en Hårdere Himmel, 1957)

Aarnes, Sigurd Aa."'Det ondes problem'. Nazismen i Jens Bjørneboes dikting." In Nazismen og norsk litteratur. 2. utg., ed by Bjarte Birkeland et al., 365-387. Oslo: Universitetsforlaget, 1995. JB's depiction of Nazism and preoccupation with Germany.

Aarnes, Sigurd Aa. "The Problem of Evil"—Nazism in Jens Bjørneboe's writing. Translated by John Weinstock. InThe Nordic Mind: Current Trends in Scandinavian Literary Criticism, edited by Frank Egholm Andersen and John Weinstock. 223-50. Lanham MD: University Presses of America, 1986. Translation of the foregoing (1st ed, 1975).

Beinset, Anton. "Et litterært makkverk og et gement produkt" (A literary mess and a vile product). In Frihet! Sannhet! 222-4. Review, originally published in Dagbladet, 9 October 1957.

Brekke, Paul. "Darwin bak landssvikoppgjøret" (Darwin behind the quisling trials). In Frihet! Sannhet! 225-7. Review, originally published in Verdens Gang, 9 October 1957.

Garton, 45-47.

Hambro, Chapter 5 (67-77).

Hoberman, John M. "The Political Imagination of Jens Bjørneboe: A Study of Under en hårdere himmel" (Under a harsher sky). Scandinavian Studies, 48 (1976):52-70. Stresses the unresolved polarities and ambiguities in the novel, which induce a fundamental despair in the author. JB's work lacks a confessional dimension; preoccupied with the evil in others, he evinces little personal sense of sin. Norwegian quotations untranslated.

Longum, Leif. "Nasjonalisme, nazisme og landssvik. Et problemkompleks belyst gjennom to norske okkupasjons-romaner av Jens Bjørneboe og Sigurd Evensmo" (Nationalism, nazism and treason. A complex of problems illuminated by two Norwegian novels of the occupation, by JB and Sigurd Evensmo). In Literature as Resistance and Counter-Culture. Papers of the 19th Study Conference, Association for Scandinavian Studies, edited by András Masát, 133-136. Budapest: Hungarian Association for Scandinavian Studies, 1993.

Martin, 24-26.

O'Leary, Margaret Hayford. Post-war Norwegian fiction: Portraits of women in occupied Norway. PhD. Dissertation, Univ. of Wisconsin, 1987. Section focusing on the "German tarts" as seen in postwar Norwegian fiction includes a discussion of Bjørneboe's Under a Harsher Sky.

Otnes, 32.

Sætre, Solveig. "Jens Bjørneboes totalitetspersektiv" (JB's holistic perspective). Vinduet, 1968, 4:265-272.

Skagen, Kaj. Metafysikk eller selvmord : et essay om Jens Bjørneboe og antroposofien (Metaphysics or suicide: an essay on JB and anthroposophy), 35n. Oslo: Cappelen, 1996. One of the few positive assessments of this novel.

Tharaldsen, 18-35.

Wandrup, 77-80.


Winter in Bellapalma (Vinter i Bellapalma, 1958)

Garton, 50f.

Martin, 26.

Mürer, Esther Greenleaf. JB's Winter in Bellapalma: Hemingway tribute, harbinger of works to come. 1998. Discusses Winter in Bellapalma as a forerunner of Moment of Freedom and The Bird- Lovers.

Wandrup, 84, 122.


Little Boy Blue / Darkman (Blåmann, 1959)

Brekke, Paul. "Blåmann." In Frihet! Sannhet! 205-6. Review, originally published in Verdens Gang, 1 December 1959.

Elster, Magli. "Blåmann og Bjørneboe." In Frihet! Sannhet! 207-8. Review, originally published in Arbeiderbladet, 27 November 1959.

Garton, 51-54.

Hambro, Chapter 6 (78-83).

Martin, 27-29.

Mussari, Mark. Color: the Material of Immateriality in Jens Bjørneboe's Blåmann. Edda, Winter 1999-2000.

Otnes, 32.

Sætre, Solveig. "Jens Bjørneboes totalitetspersektiv" (JB's holistic perspective). Vinduet, 1968, 4:265-272.

Tharaldsen, 36-48.

Thon, Jahn. "Jens Bjørneboes samfunnskritikk" (JB's critique of society). Klassekampen (Oslo), 17 October. 1995. A slightly different version in Sørlandsk magasin 12(1996) :30-35. Places JB in the Bohemian tradition. English translation

Wandrup, 85f.


The Evil Shepherd (Den Onde Hyrde, 1960)

Bjørneboe, Jens. 1961. "Alene med paperet" (Alone with the paper).

Garton, 59-64.

Hambro, Chapter 7 (84-91).

Hauge-Eriksen, Merete. "Jens Bjørneboes Den onde hyrde, Tonny og Til lykke med dagen, roman—film—drama : en studie i adapsjonsproblemer" (The Evil Shepherd, Tonnie and Many Happy Returns, novel—film—drama: a study in problems of adaptation). Dissertation. Univ of Bergen, 1981.

Longum, Leif. Et speil for oss selv. Menneskesyn og virkelighetsoppfatning i norsk etterkrigsprosa (A mirror for ourselves: View of man and conception of reality in postwar Norwegian prose), 120-125. Oslo: Aschehoug., 1968.

Martin, 29-32.

Nag, Martin. "Jens Bjørneboe gir håp og løfter" (JB gives hope and uplift). In Frihet! Sannhet! 218-21. Review originally published in Friheten, 9 December 1960.

Otnes, 33-46.

Rasmussen, Egil. "Ungdomskriminalitet og straff" (The criminality and punishment of youth). In Frihet! Sannhet! 215-7. Review originally published in Aftenposten, 24 November 1960.

Wandrup, 89-91.


The Dream and the Wheel (Drømmen og Hjulet, 1964)

Eide, Eiliv. "Drømmen og hjulet." In Frihet! Sannhet! 212-14. Review originally published in Bergens Tidende, 12 December 1964.

Garton, 54-58.

Hambro, Chapter 8 (92-100)

Jarl, Knut Coucheron. "Roman om Ragnhild Jølsen. In Frihet! Sannhet! 209-11. Review originally published in Aftenposten, 9 November 1964.

Laberg, Steinar. "Utopi og utvikling : en analyse av Jens Bjørneboes Drømmen og hjulet" (Utopia and evolution: an analysis of The Dream and the Wheel). Dissertation. Univ. of Trondheim, 1978.

Martin, 32-37.

Otnes, 47f.

Sætre, Solveig. "Jens Bjørneboes totalitetspersektiv" (JB's holistic perspective). Vinduet, 1968, 4:265-272.

Tharaldsen, 49-68.

Thon, Jahn. "Jens Bjørneboes samfunnskritikk" (JB's critique of society). Klassekampen (Oslo), 17 October. 1995. A slightly different version in Sørlandsk magasin 12(1996) :30-35. Places JB in the Bohemian tradition. English translation

Wandrup, 99-104.


Without a Stitch (Uten en Tråd, 1966)

Bjørneboe, Jens. "Istendenfor en forsvarstale" (Instead of a defense speech). JB's own defense in the court case. Included in Uten en tråd (Samlede verker, Oslo: Pax, 1995), 142-53.

Garton, 64-68.

Gulliksen, Geir. 1990. "Jens Bjørneboes Uten en tråd—som triviallitteratur" (JB's Without a Stitch—as trivial literature). Eigenproduksjon, 36:120-131.

Hansen, May Line and Kristian Tang. "Uten en tråd : resepsjonsanalyse" (Without a Stitch: an analysis of its reception). Dissertation. Statens bibliotekhøgskole, 1989.

Martin, 37-41.

Saken om "Uten en tråd" i Oslo byrett 1.-14. juni 1967 (The case of Without a Stitch. in Oslo Municipal Court). Edited by Bjørn Bjørnsen, Terje Hoel, and Johan Ludwig Mowinckel. Oslo: Pax, 1967. A detailed account of the 1967 obscenity trial.

Tharaldsen, 69-79.

Wandrup, Ch 11 (109-21).

Without a Stitch 2 (Uden en Trævl 2, 1968)

Garton, 68.

Martin, 41.

Wandrup, 95 (one of Bjørneboe's drawings from the book), 120f.


Trilogy (general)
Moment of Freedom (Frihetens øyeblikk)
Powderhouse (Kruttårnet)
The Silence (Stillheten)
The Sharks (Haiene)


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A Bjørneboe Reader
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Compiled by Esther Greenleaf Mürer
Last updated Febuary 2005