late 1999 to early 2000 (and backfills for previous years) / DB reference years
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Author Steidle, Cheri. Klosterman, Don. Chartoff, Richard. Graves, George. Osborne, Nora.
Source International SAMPE Symposium & Exhibition. v 44 (II) 1999. p 1866-1877.
Abstract The feasibility of using Laminated Object Manufacturing (LOM) for the near-net-shape fabrication of bioceramic bone implants was demonstrated. The project encompassed several areas of development including bioceramic material formulation, ceramic tape formulation and fabrication, LOM process application, binder burnout and sintering cycle development, mechanical testing, and prototype production. A nonresorbable bioceramic composite system was used, consisting of hydroxyapatite Ca10(PO4) 6(OH)2 particles bonded together by a calcium phosphate glass phase. This material system was chosen because it was known to be biocompatible in the human body, it exhibited minimal shrinkage upon sintering, and it was found to have compressive strengths similar to cortical bone. It was successfully formed into thin ceramic sheets (125 mu m - 250 mu m) using a tape casting process. Ceramic tapes of this material were used in the LOM process to produce various 'green' ceramic parts, including a bone shape extrac ted from a medical CT scan of an actual human wrist bone. Binder burnout and sintering cycles were developed to produce a moderately dense ceramic part. (Auth abstract) [References: 12] XX