Name_________________

Reading Questions on Chapter 21: Gettysburg, p. 646 - 665

1.	What were the strategic choices that the Confederacy faced after Chancellorsville and why did Lee’s plan win out?
2.	Prior to moving North, Lee reorganized his army and, in addition to Longstreet’s 1^st Corps, put ___________ in charge of the 2^nd Corps and ____________ in charge of the newly created 3^rd Corps. Prior to the move North, the Union and Confederate cavalry met in the largest cavalry battle of the war at ______________. Rebel general ____________ tried to burnish his reputation by a spectacular ride-around the Union army, but ended up depriving Lee of intelligence about enemy movements at this crucial moment.
3.	What political and diplomatic effects did Lee hope would result from his invasion of the Union?
4.	Lincoln decided to replace General _____________ with General ______________. As the action moved to Pennsylvania, what was the mood of the men in the Union army?
5.	On July 1, Confederate troops approached Gettysburg in search of ____________. Union cavalry commander, _______________ was there to meet them and stationed his men on ridges northwest of the town and sent to______________ to hurry to Gettysburg to support his men. And the 1^st Corps hurried to support the cavalry brigades. The famous ___________ Brigade with their distinctive ________ hats lost two-thirds of their men in the ensuing battle, including General ___________. About noon, the 11^th Corps under ____________________arrived and deployed ________ of the town where they were attacked by men under ______________ from the Confederate 2^nd Corps. The 11^th Corps collapsed and fled through to the town to ___________ Hill, south of the town
6.	General Lee gave _____________ discretionary orders to attack ____________ Hill “if ____________.” But, he failed to order the attack. And by evening, Union General _______________ had arrived and laid out a defensive line that curled around ______ and ________ Hills and then extended along _______________ Ridge to _______ ________ _____. Why was this such a strong defensive line?
7.	What was the disagreement between Longstreet and Lee concerning how the battle should be fought?
8.	On July 2, Lee ordered ________________ to take two of his divisions and attack the Union _____________ at the southern end of __________ _________. General _________ was supposed to demonstrate against the Union _________ as a distraction from the main attack. General ___________ didn’t get his troops into position until 4:00 p.m. because there was a mix-up about the route that they were taking and fears that the men would be visible from the Union line.
9.	Meanwhile, Union general _________________ had moved his two divisions forward to slightly higher ground without informing General Meade. He thus created a salient going from a _______ orchard to a maze of boulders known as _________ ______. Unfortunately, this move left a gap between his men and the rest of the Union line although it did foil Lee’s plans. The move also left the __________ ________ unoccupied. Over the next few hours, some of the war’s bloodiest fighting took place in the ________ orchard, in a _________ field, _________’s _____ and on _______ _______ ____. Meade was able to rush reinforcements in to plug the breaks in the line.
10.	As Alabamians approached the Round Tops, Union General ___________________ realized that they were unoccupied and quickly ordered regiments to hurry to Little Round Top to hold the Union left. On the far left was the _____ ________ commanded by Colonel __________________ whose valiant leadership kept the high ground in Union hands by ordering a ______________ charge when his men ran out of ammunition.
11.	At the center of the Union line, in the gap created by _________’s corps move forward, there was only part of one regiment to meet the attack of the Confederate brigade. General Winfield Scott Hancock ordered the ____ ____________ to charge and hold that line. They did so but lost almost 4/5 of their men in that brave charge.
12.	On the northern end of the Union line, Rebels under __________ temporarily seized part of Culps’ Hill but were eventually pushed back.
13.	On July 3, Lee’s plan was for an ____________ barrage to weaken the Union center. __________ was sent to circle around the Union rear to attack there and _________ was to attack the right flank while ___________ led an attack on the Union center. However, even before the Confederate attack could start, Federal troops attacked and regained control of _________’s Hill. General _____________ disagreed with Lee’s plan and urged him to move for a flank attack, but Lee refused
14.	In this famous attack, known as Pickett’s Charge, the Confederates under General ______________ were able to reach the Union line, but he was killed and that became the high water mark of the Confederates in their efforts in Union territory. After the battle, ________ told the men, “It’s all my fault.”
15.	Why did General Meade fail to counterattack after the battle?