Study Guide - Unit Eight: The Frontier and Industrial Age

Due Date	Assignment
Tues., Jan. 3	1. Read p. 380 – 387 2. Answer questions 1 – 3 for Chapter 13
Weds., Jan. 4	1. Read p. 388 – 405 2. Answer questions 4 – 11 (We won’t be discussing questions 8 – 11 until Thursday)
Thurs., Jan. 5	Primary Document Analysis and Preliminary Thesis Statement for Research Paper Due
Fri., Jan. 6	1. Read p. 410 – 420 2. Read the excerpt from the Turner Thesis 3. Answer question 12 from Chapter 13 and 1 – 3 from Chapter 14
Mon., Jan. 9	1. Read p. 421 – 24 2. Read the excerpt from The Gospel of Wealth 3. Answer questions 4 – 8
Tues., Jan. 10	1. Read p. 426 – 432 (to Women in the Labor Movement) 2. Answer questions 10 – 11
Weds., Jan. 11	1. Read p. 432 – 433 2. Answer questions 12 – 13
Thurs., Jan. 12	Review for test
Fri., 13	Test

Identifications – Chapter 13

1.	Plains Indians	12.	Crazy Horse	23.	Morrill Land Grant Act (1862)
2.	Homestead Act of 1862	13.	Sitting Bull	24.	Mary Elizabeth Lease
3.	Exodusters	14.	Col. George Custer	25.	Greenbacks
4.	Transcontinental Railroad	15.	Battle of Little Bighorn	26.	The Grange (Patrons of Husbandry)
5.	Chivington massacre at Sand Creek (1864)	16.	Chief Joseph and the Nez Perce	27.	Farmers’ Alliance
6.	Sand Creek Massacre	17.	Helen Hunt Jackson and A Century of Dishonor	28.	Populists
7.	Bozeman Trail	18.	Dawes Act (1887)	29.	Panic of 1893
8.	Red Cloud	19.	Assimilation	30.	Bimetallism
9.	Great Sioux War (1865-7)	20.	Ghost Dance Movement	31.	William Jennings Bryan
10.	Fort Laramie Treaty (1868)	21.	Battle of Wounded Knee	32.	William McKinley
11.	Sioux War (1876-81)	22.	Cattle Frontier	33.	Election of 1896
				34.	Turner Thesis

Reading Questions – Chapter 13

1.	Identify three significant differences between the culture of the Native Americans and the white settlers on the Great Plains.
2.	Identify the following: Homestead Act, Massacre at Sand Creek, Treaty of 1868 (Fort Laramie Treaty), Battle of Little Bighorn, Helen Hunt Jackson, Dawes Act, Ghost Dance movement, and Battle of Wounded Knee
3.	Read the account about the Ghost Dance and the Battle at Wounded Knee. How does the author, James Mooney, account for the violence at Wounded Knee?
4.	Summarize the reasons for the rise and the decline of the cattle frontier.
5.	How did the real life of cowboys differ from the myths about them?
6.	What measures did the government take to support settlement of the frontier?
7.	How did settlers overcome the challenges of living on the Plains?
8.	What problems confronted American farmers in the 1890s?
9.	What solutions did the farmers support to improve their situation?
10.	What were the causes for the rise of the Populist Party and what effects did the Party have?
11.	Why did the Populist Party decline?
12.	Read the excerpt from the Turner Thesis and outline the points that he is making. What impact did the frontier have on American history?

Identifications – Chapter 14

1.	Bessemer Steel Process	13.	Horizontal consolidation	25.	Knights of Labor
2.	Thomas Alva Edison	14.	Social Darwinism	26.	Samuel Gompers
3.	Alexander Graham Bell	15.	Laissez-faire economics	27.	American Federation of Labor
4.	Transcontinental Railroad	16.	Horatio Alger	28.	Collective bargaining
5.	George M. Pullman	17.	Monopoly	29.	Eugene Debs
6.	Credit Mobilier	18.	Holding Company	30.	Socialist Party of America
7.	Granger laws	19.	J. P. Morgan	31.	Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) or Wobblies
8.	Munn v. Illinois	20.	John D. Rockefeller	32.	Railroad Strike of 1877
9.	Interstate Commerce Act (1887)	21.	Standard Oil	33.	Haymarket riots
10.	Panic of 1893	22.	“Gospel of Wealth”	34.	Homestead Strike
11.	Andrew Carnegie	23.	Sherman Antitrust Act (1890)	35.	Pullman Strike
12.	Vertical integration	24.	National Labor Union and Colored National Labor Union	36.	“Mother” Jones
				37.	Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire

Reading Questions – Chapter 14

1.	List the new inventions and the impact that they had on society.
2.	What were the positive and negative effects of railroads on the nation’s economy?
3.	What attempts were there to regulate the railroads and what success did they have?
4.	How did people at the time explain economic success?
5.	What methods did men like Carnegie, Morgan, and Rockefeller use to gain wealth?
6.	After reading the passage from Andrew Carnegie in the AI book, summarize how he justified the accumulation of wealth and how he thought the rich should dispose of their wealth.
7.	What was the Sherman Antitrust Act?
8.	Why did the South industrialize more slowly than the North did?
9.	Summarize the arguments of the critics and admirers of the “robber barons.” Be prepared to state your opinion.
10.	Make a chart of the following unions: Knights of Labor, AFL, and IWW. For each union characterize their membership, goals, tactics used to achieve their goals, and their success in achieving their goals.
11.	Identify the following: Railroad Strike of 1877, Haymarket riots, Homestead strike, and the Pullman strike. Briefly summarize what happened and the effects.
12.	Create a timeline of major events in labor activism between 1876 and 1911.
13.	What factors limited the success of unions?

Themes

The Frontier

o The factors that affected the life, culture, and economics of western Indian tribes in the late nineteenth century and the varying responses of the Indians to the pressures they faced

o The characteristics of the various frontier societies (mineral, timber, farming and ranch frontiers.) What brought those frontiers to a close?

o The responses of Plains settlers to the living conditions and challenges they encountered, and the impact of their experiences on their lives

o The impact of the closing of the frontier on American history

o The various forces affecting farmers during the late 19^th century; The development of rural activism from the Grange through the Populist Party; the political, economic, and social programs of the Populists

o The issues in the election of 1896 and the political and economic significance of the outcome of that election

The Industrial Age

o The factors that led to economic growth in the years following the Civil War

o The factors that stimulated the spread of the railroads and the effect of the spread of the railroads on American history

o Major industrialists and how they acquired power and wealth; is it correct to call them “Robber Barons” or “Captains of Industry?”

o Changes in the nature of work, in working conditions, and in the workplace itself, and the impact of these changes on American workers

o The rise of unionism in the late 19^th century, and the reaction of employers, the government, and the public to manifestations of worker discontent; the success of the various labor movements of the era

o The impact of new technology on American society

o The role of immigrants, women, and blacks in industry and the labor movement

o Economic and social changes in the South in this period

o The different economic philosophies of the period: laissez-faire, social Darwinism, and Carnegie’s Gospel of Wealth