· Load Bank General Description: (All features are quoted upon request, see submittal for details and clarification).

Filnor load banks will be resistive (or resistive/reactive) per the customer’s specification for use as an electrical load for diesel generators or equivalent.  The load bank will be one of several available types: portable, stationary, trailer-mounted or radiator/duct mounted.  While standard designs exist, multiple options are possible for the enclosure style, controls and accessories.

Ratings:  As a manufacturer of power resistors, they are able to offer an infinite range of ratings.  Selection criteria is based on AC or DC use, single or three phase as well as the voltage and current combination.  

Resistors: Filnor resistors are chosen per the particular rating and application of the load bank they are to be used in.  They can be Grid, Helicoil Wirewound, or Smooth Wirewound (as selected for the power steps required).   Wound elements are made of a stainless steel alloy, wound on a ceramic core, suspended on stainless steel rods.  The rods are subsequently mounted within a supportive channel structure.   The Grid elements are a stamped and welded or continuous resistor weave, made of a stainless steel alloy and developed for heavy-duty applications.  The resistor is anchored by high temperature insulators and then mounted in a channel structure.   All resistors are rated for continuous duty and do not require a cool-down period.  Unless otherwise specified, the resistors are connected in a delta scheme.

Cooling: The standard cooling arrangement for non-radiator mount units is for one or multiple fans per section of resistor assemblies. Standard fans are rated 208V, 3 phase, 60Hz for 208VAC load banks, 240V, 3 phase, 60 Hz for 240VAC load banks, or 480V, 3 phase, 60 Hz for either 480VAC or 240/480VAC load banks.  Power to the fan is customer supplied unless otherwise specified.  Please refer to submittal drawings for clarification. Radiator/duct mounted applications are designed to be cooled by an engine mounted generator fan. (All features are quoted upon request, see submittal for details and clarification).

Control equipment: As a standard, load banks are supplied with the controls integral to the resistor assembly enclosure.  Other options exist including a remote cabinet for the main controls (cabling done by the customer between the load bank and remote cabinet).   Control power (120 V) is customer supplied unless a control power transformer is included in the offer. Controls typically consist of a Main Power On/Off switch, Blower On/Off switch with indicator (where appropriate), Voltage selector switch (for dual voltage models) Load Steps On/Off switch and individual step controls with indicating lamps.  Individual step controls are tied to contactors rated in accordance with the step’s particular amperage.  Optional equipment available include: Analog or Digital metering, automatic load leveling, and automatic load dump.

Enclosures: The load bank will consist of an enclosure with resistor assemblies, control circuitry, and ventilation equipment (where applicable). The enclosure will be of type NEMA 1 (unless otherwise specified), Enclosure finishes and materials are also application specific. Options include louvers (NEMA 3R, NEMA 12), protective screening, lifting handles, lugs and/or channels, and casters.  Hot rolled steel with ASA70 gray epoxy powder coat is the Filnor standard with options including mill galvanized, aluminum and stainless steel, or special color. Ventilation will be either horizontal or vertical based on the application and the customer’s specification.  Depending on the application, the load banks are natural convection cooled or forced air-cooled. A host of options are available including high temperature cut-out switches, alarm relaying, RTD’s, and door/panel mounted instrumentation.  Radiator/duct mounted applications are sized to meet the customer’s requirement.  The frame may be lifted with slings, or optionally with lifting lugs if specified.  A removable access plate and conduit entries are provided for the customer’s connections.

Protection equipment: Typical protection equipment includes a differential pressure switch to provide an airflow alarm, (optional on radiator mount units).  Automatic Load Dump Feature: This is typically coupled to an indicating lamp and general-purpose relay to open load step contactors in the event of a failure.  A temperature-sensing switch operates in the same fashion.  Optional equipment includes fusing for the fan, incoming connection and individual load steps.

Documentation: Filnor will provide a general outline drawing and an electrical schematic drawing to the customer for approval within two weeks of receipt of a technically clear and official order.  These drawings must be returned approved prior to manufacturing.  One operation and maintenance manual will be shipped with each load bank and additional copies are available at a nominal adder. (All features are quoted upon request, see submittal for details and clarification).

· Neutral Grounding:  Function: Neutral Grounding Resistors are used to protect power transformers, power generators and other associated equipment in your power systems against 50/60 Hz faults (short circuit) and transient phenomena (lightning). Whether protecting your equipment or lowering system fault levels, Filnor neutral grounding resistors come in a range of configurations to meet your needs.  Coupled with your generators and transformers, neutral grounding resistors limit ground faults and protect against potentially damaging over-voltages.  Designed for your particular application, we can meet your needs for time rating (5 second to continuous), enclosure style (painted, aluminum, stainless steel, hot-dipped galvanized, etc.) and other options (instrument transformers, elevating stands, bushings, switchgear, controls, etc.).  When shutting down your production is not a cost-effective solution, High-resistance grounding systems allow money to be made while allowing faults are being located and repaired. A range of options is offered to provide the protection and piece of mind you need to keep producing. (All features are quoted upon request, see submittal for details and clarification).

SPECIFICATIONS
There are three parameters needed to specify the neutral grounding resistor.
1. Rated voltage line to neutral or system voltage
2. Rated fault current
3. Rated “time on” of the line to neutral voltage not exceeding the allowable temperature rise.

RANGE
• Rated current: from 1 amp to 5000 A
• Rated voltage: from 0.38 to 34.5kV
• Rated time: 1 sec to continuous time rating

TESTING AND QUALITY
All Filnor Neutral Grounding Resistors are designed, rated, manufactured and tested in strict compliance with IEEE-32. Routine tests performed on each Neutral Grounding Resistor are measurement of resistance, high voltage power frequency, insulation measurement, aspect verification, dimensional control. Filnor’s internal quality system has been developed and certified under ISO 9001 quality system.

CONSTRUCTION
Standard unit includes the stainless steel resistor assembly plus all the required insulators, internal connections and hardware installed in a standard safety enclosure. Neutral Grounding Resistor units are completely assembled, prewired, and tested at our facility. For shipping all units are crated for added protection and ease of handling.

ENCLOSURE FEATURES
• Solid overhung top slightly sloped to prevent standing water and will support heavy ice and snow.
• Forged eyebolts in all four corners for easy hoisting.
• Removable front and rear louvered covers for easy access for connection and inspection.
• Corrosion resistant nameplate provides complete ratings and manufacturers information.
• Heavy powder coat ASA 70 Grey finish provides maximum protection.
• Bottom screening prevents the entry of birds and rodents while providing maximum cooling for the resistors.

ENCLOSURE OPTIONS
• Aluminum, mill galvanized, stainless steel and hot-dipped galvanized construction. Custom paint finish is available.
• Top or side mounted entrance bushing (s).
• Screened covers for indoor applications.
• Support stands for elevating the enclosure above ground.

OPTIONS
• Current or potential transformers mounted and pre-wired at our facility
• ON or OFF Load disconnecting switches
• Space heater
• Specially designed units for hazardous or high altitude locations

Other Markets: (All features are quoted upon request, see submittal for details and clarification).

· Harmonic Filters and Damping Resistors:  To be used in conjunction with capacitors and inductors, harmonic filter resistors must dissipate continuous loads and fit easily in the system. Their range of enclosure designs and resistor styles allows for compact assemblies and low induction designs to meet the needs of industrial and utility applications alike. Our engineering staff understands your requirements and will provide service and product with unsurpassed expertise.

· Dynamic Braking Resistors are used with AC Variable Frequency Drives to produce a braking torque in the motor during overhauling load conditions. The dynamic braking resistor is connected across the DC bus and can see voltages as high as 800 volts (DB Resistors are double insulated and rated for 1,000 volts). The resistance value in Ohms determines the amount of braking torque produced and thus the rate at which the motor will stop. This value must be within acceptable limits for the particular drive and application. The resistor wattage is sized to prevent overheating during normal braking cycles. High duty applications require larger (higher wattage rated) resistors. DB resistors are often added to prevent over-voltage trips on the drive when stopping the motor.

· Motion & Crane Controls:  Safe and precise starting and stopping of electric motors isn’t a luxury -  it’s a necessity. Their resistors for motor control have been tried and proven to give the long-life and specific ratings needed for your materials handling systems, cranes and hoists. Filnor resistor solutions can be found in mining, pulp and paper, metals refining and ship loading facilities, to name just a few application areas.   

· Festoon Systems:  Festoon Systems provide a simple, inexpensive method of handling cables and hoses.