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The basic chronology and general information on these pages is a composite of entries excerpted from “Air War Pacific Chronology: America’s Air War Against Japan in East Asia and the Pacific 1941-1945” by Eric Hammel (Pacifica, CA: Pacifica Press, 1988 ISBN 0-933353-26-6)
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Note:
Shaded boxes show updates and comments from members of our B-29 mailing list, many of whom were there. |
16 MAY 1945 (pg 649)
JAPAN: - During the night of 16-17 May two missions were flown:
(Mission 175) Twenty-five B-29's mine Shimonoseki Strait and two others hit targets of opportunity.
(Mission 176) Between the hours of 0300 and 0600 local, 457 of 522 B-29's attack the Nagoya urban area in the last great attack on this city; the south part of Nagoya, the site of the Mitsubishi Aircraft works, Aichi Aircraft Company's Atsuta Plant and the Atsuta Branch of the Nagoya Arsenal, the Nippon Vehicle Company and other targets were targeted from the aircraft flying at low-level. Eleven other B-29's hit targets of opportunity. Three B-29's are lost.
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Navigator's Notes: 3rd Blitz mission 5/17/45 Nagoya Nite incend. 15,000 2130--1100 1330 26620 Flak-nil fighters-nil Lights 2 Nearly dawn at target. Easy mission. |
17 MAY 1945 (pg 650)
No actions reported.
18 MAY 1945 (pg 650)
JAPAN:
(Mission 177) During the night of 18-19 May, 30 B-29's mine Shimonoseki Strait and Tsuruga Harbor.
MARIANAS:
The advance air echelon of the 509th Composite Group arrives at North Field on Tinian. The 509th has trained to deliver atomic bomb attacks on Japan.
(The Commanding Officer is Colonel Paul W. Tibbets Jr., a pilot with a distinguished record in the 97th BG in Europe and North Africa.)
19 MAY 1945 (pg 651)
JAPAN:
(Mission 178) Two hundred Seventy Two B-29's make an abortive raid on the Tachikawa Aircraft Company and bomb the city of Hamamatsu; 14 others hit targets of opportunity. Four B-29's are lost.
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Navigator's Notes: Mission 18:
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T .0. 4:30 AM for G.P. raid on aircraft factory west of Tokyo. Tachikawa. Bad weather encountered before reaching coast. Formation broke up. Brashear and we bombed secondary target, by radar. Results unobserved. Alt. 23,000' | |
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Mission #19: Capt. Cruce, Hamamatsu. |
20 MAY 1945 (pg 651)
JAPAN:
(Mission 179) During the night of 20-21 May, 30 B-29's mine Shimonoseki Strait, Maizuru Harbor and He-Saki anchorage. Three B-29's are lost.
21 MAY 1945 (pg 652)
No actions reported.
22 MAY 1945 (pg 653)
JAPAN:
(Mission 180) During the night of 22-23 May, 30 B-29's mine Shimonoseki Strait and approaches. One B-29 is lost.
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23 MAY 1945 (pg 653)
JAPAN:
(Mission 181) During the night of 23-24 May, 520 of 562 B-29's sent against Tokyo bomb an urban-industrial area south of the Imperial Palace along the west side of the harbor; 5 other B-29's hit targets of opportunity. Seventeen B-29's are lost.
(This is the largest number of B-29's participating in a single mission during World War II.)
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Lee Florence's Diary:
T.O. at 2100 for incind raid on Tokyo. 11000' Bombed at 0402 May 24. In search lights and fired on for 20 min. Slight flak damage to plane. 2 fighter attacks. Very rough mission!! Clear over target. (Later note: [Tokyo had} ... huge fires. We had warned them to get out of town. Bombed from 7000 ft. bright as day in the cockpit. Could see other 29s around- tried to have plenty of space from them when we entered the smoke cloud on downwind side-- very turbulent but you were out of the lights. We came across west to east and turned south down Tokyo Bay.) |
Navigator's Notes: Mission 19:
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Lt. Dufford, Tokyo urban area, part of 520 plane force, dropping 3,640 tons incendiary & gp bombs. In at 7,800' & 15,000', intense flak, lost 17 bombers, damaged 69 including T Sq 54. Sgt Tonnies said, "Target was clear and fires were all aglow when we arrived. Search lights caught us and they shot out one of our engines. Saw about 150 searchlights. We returned from target on three engines. No. 1 engine caught a 50 cal. slug in the oil cooler (and) had to feather it over target." | ||
24 MAY 1945 (pg 653)
JAPAN:
(Mission 182) During the night of 24-25 May, 25 B-29's laid mines in Shimonoseki Strait and at Niigata, Nanao and Fushiki.
25 MAY 1945 (pg 654)
JAPAN:
(Mission 183) During the night of 25-26 May, 464 B-29's dispatched from the XXI BC attack Tokyo urban areas immediately south of the Imperial Palace and just north of that bombed on 23-24 May with 3262 tons of incendiary bombs which destroyed financial, commercial and governmental districts as well as factories and homes; six B-29's attack other targets. The AAF claims 19 Japanese fighters. Twenty-six B-29's are lost (the largest loss of B-29's and crews in a single day).
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Lee Florence's Diary:
T .0. 1745 for incendiary raid on Tokyo--9000'. Bombed at 0047, May 26th. Kept out of search lights and had light flak. No fighter attacks. |
Navigator's Notes: Mission 20:
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Mission #21: Lt. Donald H. Sutherland, Tokyo w/501 other B-29's, dropping 3,260 tons incendiaries on commerial & gov't centers. 26 B-29's downed, 100 others damaged. Devastated another 21 sq. miles of Tokyo; because of this as well as 36 sq miles burned in Mar & Apr, Tokyo removed from target list for remainder of war. Japanese called this the "Raid of the Leaping Tigers." Per Sgt Kevin Herbert, another 498th tail gunner, it was "... a netherworld scene worthy of the imagination of a Virgil, a Dante, or a Milton: roiling columns of smoke thrust up from lurid red and yellow lakes of fire; murk and haze swept aloong amid the darkness visible; random bolts of light piercing the gloom in search of victims; tracer lines, flak bursts, thermal buffetings; the pandemonium of weaponry, tornadic noise, and urgent calls to comrades; and epiphanies and vanishings of other craft, friendly and hostile, from the dim shores of this molten sea." |
PACIFIC OCEAN AREA
The VII Fighter Command is assigned to the administrative and operational control of the XX AF.
ZONE OF THE INTERIOR
The JCS approves the plan for Operation OLYMPIC, the invasion of the Japanese Home Islands, which is scheduled to begin on 1 November 1945.
26 MAY 1945 (pg 656)
JAPAN:
(Mission 184) During the night of 26-27 May, 29 B-29's dispatched from the 9th BG sow mines in the Shimonoseki Strait and off Fukuoka, Fushiki and Karatsu.
27 MAY 1945 (pg 656)
JAPAN:
(Mission 185) During the night of 27-28 May, 9 B-29's dispatched from the 9th BG sow mines in the Shimonoseki Strait and the Moji area. One B-29 is lost.
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28 MAY 1945 (pg 658)
No actions reported.
29 MAY 1945 (pg 658)
(Mission 186) Four hundred fifty-four B29's escorted by 101 VII FC P-51's attack large parts of Yokohama with 2570 tons of incendiary bombs and destroy the main business district (a third of the city's area) along the waterfront; and 21 B-29's attack other targets. The B-29's claim 6 fighters and the P-51's claim 26-9-23 Japanese fighters. Seven B-29's and 3 P-51's are lost when the formation is attacked by an estimated 150 Japanese fighters.
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T .0. 0400 for incind raid on Yokahama. Led Sqdn formation of six ships. Bombed at 1128.Moderate, accurate flak. One small hole in wing. No fighter attacks. Smoke from fires above 20,000'.Bombed at 22,000'. |
Navigator's Notes: Mission 21:
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Mission #22: Capt. Cruce, attacked Yokohama urban area south of Tokyo. Due to heavy losses on past 2 Tokyo raids, made high alt. incendiary attack with P-51 fighter escort from Iwo Jima. Over 7 sq miles burned, 20 numbered industrial targets removed from target list. |
The burned area of Yokohama now amounts to almost 9 square miles)
MARIANAS - The 509th Composite Group arrives at North Field Tinian from the United States.
30 MAY 1945 (pg 659)
No actions reported.
31 MAY 1945 (pg 659)
No actions reported.
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